Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2012 Apr;32(4):1024-31. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.243261. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
Passive smoking has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity. The present study aimed to examine the long-term effects of childhood exposure to tobacco smoke on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in adults.
The analyses were based on 2171 participants in the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns (N=2067) and Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (N=104) studies who had measures of conventional risk factors (lipids, blood pressure, adiposity, socioeconomic status) and self-reported parental smoking status when aged 3 to 18 years at baseline. They were re-examined 19 to 27 years later when aged 28 to 45 years. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation was measured at follow-up with ultrasound. In analyses adjusting for age, sex, and childhood risk factors, flow-mediated dilatation was reduced among participants who had parents that smoked in youth compared to those whose parents did not smoke (Young Finns: 9.2 ± 0.1% (mean ± SEM) versus 8.6 ± 0.1%, P=0.001; Childhood Determinants of Adult Health: 7.4 ± 0.6% versus 4.9 ± 0.9%, P=0.04). These effects remained after adjustment for adult risk factors including own smoking status (Young Finns, P=0.003; Childhood Determinants of Adult Health, P=0.03).
Parental smoking in youth is associated with reduced flow-mediated dilatation in young adulthood measured over 20 years later. These findings suggest that passive exposure to cigarette smoke among children might cause irreversible impairment in endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
被动吸烟与心血管疾病发病率增加有关。本研究旨在探讨儿童时期暴露于烟草烟雾对成年人内皮依赖性血管舒张功能的长期影响。
该分析基于两项基于人群的研究，即心血管风险在年轻芬兰人中的研究（N=2067）和儿童时期决定成人健康的研究（N=104）中的 2171 名参与者，这些参与者在基线时年龄为 3 至 18 岁，有常规危险因素（血脂、血压、肥胖、社会经济状况）和自我报告的父母吸烟状况的测量值。他们在 28 至 45 岁时重新接受了 19 至 27 年的随访。在随访时使用超声测量肱动脉血流介导的扩张。在调整年龄、性别和儿童时期危险因素的分析中，与父母不吸烟的参与者相比，父母在年轻时吸烟的参与者的血流介导的扩张减少（年轻芬兰人：9.2±0.1%（均值±SEM）与 8.6±0.1%，P=0.001；儿童时期决定成人健康的因素：7.4±0.6%与 4.9±0.9%，P=0.04）。这些影响在调整包括自身吸烟状况在内的成年危险因素后仍然存在（年轻芬兰人，P=0.003；儿童时期决定成人健康的因素，P=0.03）。
儿童时期父母吸烟与 20 多年后年轻成年人的血流介导的扩张减少有关。这些发现表明，儿童被动接触香烟烟雾可能导致内皮依赖性血管舒张的不可逆转损害。
