Mody C H, Warren P W
Departments of Internal Medicine, and.
Can J Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;10(2):147-55. doi: 10.1155/1999/139326.
To provide a basic understanding of the mechanisms of host defense to pathogenic fungi. This will help physicians understand why some patients are predisposed to fungal infections and update basic scientists on how microbial immunology applies to fungal disease.
English articles from 1966 to present were identified from a MEDLINE search.
Articles were identified by a MEDLINE search of 'exp lung/' or 'exp lung diseases/' and 'exp fungi/'. The titles and abstracts were screened to identify articles that contained salient information pertaining to host defense of respiratory mycoses.
Information was summarized from the articles pertaining to host defense of pulmonary mycosis that had been identified by the MEDLINE search.
Fungi represent a unique and highly diverse group of pathogenic organisms that have become an increasingly prevalent cause of life-threatening illness. A worldwide increase in persons with immunodeficiency has been a major contributing factor to the increase in fungal disease. As a result, clinicians are faced with an expanding array of fungal infections that pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The respiratory tract is the route of acquisition for many important fungal infections; thus, understanding the host defense in the lung is an essential component of understanding host defense to fungal disease. With this understanding, fungi may be divided on the basis of the predilection of certain mycosis for specific immune defects.
By separating fungi based on the host immune defects that predispose to disease, in conjunction with traditional divisions based on the geographic distribution of fungi, clinicians are able to focus their diagnostic efforts and to identify fungal pathogens better. In addition, an understanding of the normal host defense mechanisms that serve to control fungal infections is essential to the development of novel antifungal therapies.
提供对宿主抵御致病真菌机制的基本理解。这将有助于医生理解为何有些患者易患真菌感染,并使基础科学家了解微生物免疫学如何应用于真菌疾病。
通过医学文献数据库检索确定了1966年至今的英文文章。
通过医学文献数据库检索“exp lung/”或“exp lung diseases/”以及“exp fungi/”来确定文章。对标题和摘要进行筛选,以识别包含与呼吸道真菌病宿主防御相关重要信息的文章。
从医学文献数据库检索确定的与肺真菌病宿主防御相关的文章中总结信息。
真菌是一类独特且高度多样化的致病生物,已日益成为危及生命疾病的常见病因。全球免疫缺陷人群的增加是真菌病增多的一个主要因素。因此,临床医生面临着越来越多的真菌感染,这些感染带来了诊断和治疗方面的挑战。呼吸道是许多重要真菌感染的感染途径;因此,了解肺部的宿主防御是理解宿主对真菌病防御的重要组成部分。基于此理解,可根据某些真菌病对特定免疫缺陷的偏好对真菌进行分类。
通过根据易引发疾病的宿主免疫缺陷对真菌进行分类,并结合基于真菌地理分布的传统分类,临床医生能够集中诊断精力并更好地识别真菌病原体。此外,了解用于控制真菌感染的正常宿主防御机制对于开发新型抗真菌疗法至关重要。