Laboratory for Biomedical Microsystems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2011;11(1):638-60. doi: 10.3390/s110100638. Epub 2011 Jan 10.
Recognition of body posture and motion is an important physiological function that can keep the body in balance. Man-made motion sensors have also been widely applied for a broad array of biomedical applications including diagnosis of balance disorders and evaluation of energy expenditure. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art sensing components utilized for body motion measurement. The anatomy and working principles of a natural body motion sensor, the human vestibular system, are first described. Various man-made inertial sensors are then elaborated based on their distinctive sensing mechanisms. In particular, both the conventional solid-state motion sensors and the emerging non solid-state motion sensors are depicted. With their lower cost and increased intelligence, man-made motion sensors are expected to play an increasingly important role in biomedical systems for basic research as well as clinical diagnostics.
人体姿势和运动的识别是一种重要的生理功能，可以保持身体平衡。人造运动传感器也已广泛应用于各种生物医学应用，包括平衡障碍的诊断和能量消耗的评估。本文综述了用于身体运动测量的最新传感元件。首先描述了天然身体运动传感器，即人体前庭系统的解剖结构和工作原理。然后根据独特的传感机制详细阐述了各种人造惯性传感器。特别地，描述了传统的固态运动传感器和新兴的非固态运动传感器。由于成本更低且智能化程度更高，人造运动传感器有望在生物医学系统中发挥越来越重要的作用，无论是用于基础研究还是临床诊断。
