Lambert Elisabeth, Hering Dagmara, Schlaich Markus, Lambert Gavin
Human Neurotransmitters, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Physiol. 2012 Feb 7;3:11. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00011. eCollection 2012.
In humans, sympathetic activity is commonly assessed by measuring the efferent traffic in the peroneal nerve. The firing activity is the sum of several active neurons, which have the tendency to fire together in a bursting manner. While the estimation of overall sympathetic nervous activity using this multiunit recording approach has advanced our understanding of sympathetic regulation in health and disease no information is gained regarding the underling mechanisms generating the bursts of sympathetic activity. The introduction of single-unit recording has been a major step forward, enabling the examination of specific sympathetic firing patterns in diverse clinical conditions. Disturbances in sympathetic nerve firing, including high firing probabilities, high firing rates or high incidence of multiple firing, or a combination of both may impact on noradrenaline release and effector response, and therefore have clinical implications with regards to the development and progression of target organ damage. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of specific firing patterns would permit the development of therapeutic strategies targeting these nuances of sympathetic overdrive.
在人类中，交感神经活动通常通过测量腓总神经中的传出信号来评估。放电活动是几个活跃神经元的总和，这些神经元倾向于以爆发的方式一起放电。虽然使用这种多单位记录方法来估计整体交感神经活动增进了我们对健康和疾病状态下交感神经调节的理解，但关于产生交感神经活动爆发的潜在机制却一无所知。单单位记录方法的引入是向前迈出的重要一步，它能够在各种临床情况下检查特定的交感神经放电模式。交感神经放电的紊乱，包括高放电概率、高放电频率或多重放电的高发生率，或两者兼而有之，可能会影响去甲肾上腺素的释放和效应器反应，因此对靶器官损伤的发生和发展具有临床意义。了解特定放电模式的机制和后果将有助于制定针对这些交感神经过度兴奋细微差别的治疗策略。
