Bhat Abdul Rashid, Afzalwani Mohammed, Kirmani Altaf R
Department of Neurosurgery, Sher i Kashmir Institute of Medical sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Kashmir, India.
Asian J Neurosurg. 2011 Jul;6(2):57-71. doi: 10.4103/1793-5482.92159.
Kashmir, a snow bound and mountain locked valley, is populated by about 7 million ethnic and non-migratory Kashmiris who have specific dietary and social habits than rest of the world. The neurological disorders are common in Kashmiri population.
To study the prevalence and outcome of spontaneous intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in Kashmir compared withother parts of the world.
A retrospective and hospital based study from 1982 to 2010 in the single and only Neurosurgical Centre of the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
A hospital based study, in which, information concerning all Kashmiri patients was collected from the case sheets, patient files, discharge certificates, death certificates, and telephonic conversations with the help of Medical Records Department and Central Admission Register of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir India.
Analysis of variance and students T-test were used at occasions.
Incidence of SAH in Kashmiris is about 13/100,000 persons per year. SAH comprises 31.02% of total strokes and aneurysmal ruptures are cause of 54.35% SAHs. The female suffers 1.78 times more than the male. Total mortality of 36.60% was recorded against a good recovery of 14.99%. The familial SAHs and multiple aneurysms were also common. Intra-operative finding of larger aneurysmal size than recorded on pre-operative computed tomography (CT) angiogram of same patients was noteworthy. In 493 patients of SAH, the angiography revealed 705 aneurysms.
Spontaneous intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage, due to aneurysmal rupture, is common in Kashmir, with worst outcome. Food habits like "salt-tea twice a day", group-smoking of wet tobacco like "Jejeer", winter season, female gender, hypertension, and inhalation of "Kangri" smoke are special risk factorsof SAH, in Kashmiris. The plain CT brain and CT angiography are best diagnostic tools. The preventive measures for aneurysmal formation and rupture seems most promising management of future. The detachable endovascular aneurysmal occupying video assisted micro-camera capsules or plugs may be future treatment.
克什米尔是一个被雪山环绕、山峦阻隔的山谷，居住着约700万具有特定饮食和社会习惯的克什米尔族原住民，他们的饮食习惯和社会习惯与世界其他地区不同。神经系统疾病在克什米尔人群中很常见。
研究克什米尔地区自发性颅内蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的患病率和转归，并与世界其他地区进行比较。
1982年至2010年在查谟和克什米尔邦唯一的神经外科中心进行的一项回顾性医院研究。
一项基于医院的研究，在医学记录部门和印度克什米尔谢里-克什米尔医学科学研究所中央入院登记处的帮助下，从病历、患者档案、出院证明、死亡证明以及电话交谈中收集所有克什米尔患者的信息。
必要时采用方差分析和学生t检验。
克什米尔人SAH的发病率约为每年13/10万。SAH占中风总数的31.02%，动脉瘤破裂是54.35%的SAH的病因。女性患者的发病率是男性的1.78倍。总死亡率为36.60%，而良好恢复率为14.99%。家族性SAH和多发性动脉瘤也很常见。术中发现动脉瘤大小比同一患者术前计算机断层扫描（CT）血管造影记录的更大，这一点值得注意。在493例SAH患者中，血管造影显示有705个动脉瘤。
在克什米尔，由于动脉瘤破裂导致的自发性颅内蛛网膜下腔出血很常见，且转归较差。“一天喝两次盐茶”、像“Jejeer”那样集体吸食湿烟草、冬季、女性、高血压以及吸入“Kangri”烟雾等饮食习惯是克什米尔人SAH的特殊危险因素。头颅平扫CT和CT血管造影是最佳诊断工具。预防动脉瘤形成和破裂的措施似乎是未来最有前景的治疗方法。可脱卸的血管内动脉瘤占位视频辅助微型摄像头胶囊或栓塞可能是未来的治疗手段。
