Department of Psychology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Int J Psychol. 2013;48(4):649-59. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2012.656132. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
The relationship between individual differences in anxiety and executive functioning was investigated in a sample of young adults. Verbal and spatial working memory, resistance to interference, negative priming, and task-switching measures were used to assess three executive functioning dimensions: updating, inhibition, and shifting. An additional index of basic psychomotor speed was added to this cognitive battery. According to the multidimensional interaction model of anxiety proposed by Endler (1997), state (cognitive-worry and autonomic-emotional) and trait (related to social evaluation, physical danger, ambiguous situations, and daily routines) anxiety were assessed in this evaluation context. Results indicated that shifting and inhibition (negative priming) efficiency were negatively related to state (cognitive-worry) and trait (related to social evaluation) anxiety. However, there was a relative advantage of subjects higher in social evaluation apprehensions in their memory updating performance. The results are consistent with several predictions of the attentional control theory (Eysenck, Derakshan, Santos, & Calvo, 2007), and are relevant for research regarding the interaction of situational, personality, and cognitive functioning dimensions.
本研究旨在探讨年轻人焦虑个体差异与执行功能之间的关系。采用言语和空间工作记忆、干扰抑制、负启动和任务转换等方法来评估三种执行功能维度：更新、抑制和转换。认知测试中还加入了一项基本心理运动速度指标。根据 Endler（1997）提出的多维焦虑交互模型，本评估情境中评估了状态焦虑（认知焦虑和自主情绪焦虑）和特质焦虑（与社会评价、身体危险、模棱两可情境和日常事务有关）。结果表明，转换和抑制（负启动）效率与状态（认知焦虑）和特质（与社会评价有关）焦虑呈负相关。然而，社会评价焦虑较高的被试在记忆更新方面表现出相对优势。这些结果与注意力控制理论（Eysenck、Derakshan、Santos 和 Calvo，2007）的几个预测一致，与情境、人格和认知功能维度相互作用的研究相关。
