Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8212 (CEA/CNRS/UVSQ), Centre de Recherche du CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
J Environ Radioact. 2012 Dec;114:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.01.024. Epub 2012 Feb 19.
Radioactive fallout due to the Fukushima reactor explosion in Japan was detected in environmental samples collected in France. The presence of (131)I in aerosols (200±6 μBq m(-3)) collected at the Pic du Midi observatory, located at 2877 m altitude in the French Pyrénées, indicated that the Japanese radioactive cloud reached France between 22 and 29 March, i.e. less than two weeks after the initial emissions, as suggested by a (137)Cs/(134)Cs ratio of 1.4. Cesium radioisotopes ((134)Cs and (137)Cs) were not detected in this sample but they were present in the aerosol sample collected the next week, i.e. between 29 March and 05 April (about 10 μBq m(-3)). We also report (131)I activities measured in grass (1.1-11 Bq kg(-1); fresh weight) and soil samples (0.4 Bq kg(-1)) collected in the Seine River basin between 30 March and 10 April. The (134)Cs from the damaged Fukushima power plant was also detected in grass collected in the Seine River basin between 31 March and 10 April (0.2-1.6 Bq kg(-1) fresh weight, with a (137)Cs/(134)Cs ratio close to 1, which is consistent with Fukushima radioactive release). Despite the installation of a network of nested stations to collect suspended matter in the upstream part of the Seine River basin, (131)I was only detected in suspended matter (4.5-60 Bq kg(-1)) collected at the most upstream stations between 30 March and 12 April. Neither (131)I nor (134)Cs has been detected in environmental samples since the end of April 2011, because of the rapid decay of (131)I and the very low activities of (134)Cs (about 400 times lower than after Chernobyl accident).
法国在环境样本中检测到了因日本福岛反应堆爆炸而产生的放射性沉降物。在法国比利牛斯山脉海拔 2877 米的皮杜米迪观测站收集的气溶胶中发现了 (131)I（浓度为 200±6 μBq m(-3))，表明日本放射性云团于 3 月 22 日至 29 日期间到达法国，这比最初排放后两周的时间还早，这一点可由 (137)Cs/(134)Cs 比值为 1.4 得出。在该样本中未检测到铯放射性同位素（(134)Cs 和 (137)Cs），但在下一周收集的气溶胶样本中存在，即 3 月 29 日至 4 月 5 日期间（约 10 μBq m(-3))。我们还报告了在塞纳河流域于 3 月 30 日至 4 月 10 日期间采集的草（1.1-11 Bq kg(-1)；鲜重）和土壤样本（0.4 Bq kg(-1))中的 (131)I 活性。在塞纳河流域采集的草中也检测到了来自受损的福岛核电站的 (134)Cs，时间为 3 月 31 日至 4 月 10 日（0.2-1.6 Bq kg(-1)鲜重，(137)Cs/(134)Cs 比值接近 1，这与福岛放射性释放一致）。尽管建立了一个嵌套站网络以收集塞纳河流域上游的悬浮物，但仅在 3 月 30 日至 4 月 12 日期间于最上游站采集的悬浮物中检测到 (131)I（4.5-60 Bq kg(-1))。自 2011 年 4 月底以来，由于 (131)I 的快速衰减和 (134)Cs 的极低活度（比切尔诺贝利事故后低约 400 倍），未在环境样本中检测到 (131)I 或 (134)Cs。
