Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Oregon State University and NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Feb;131(2):1102-12. doi: 10.1121/1.3672648.
Between 1999 and 2009, autonomous hydrophones were deployed to monitor seismic activity from 16° N to 50° N along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. These data were examined for airgun sounds produced during offshore surveys for oil and gas deposits, as well as the 20 Hz pulse sounds from fin whales, which may be masked by airgun noise. An automatic detection algorithm was used to identify airgun sound patterns, and fin whale calling levels were summarized via long-term spectral analysis. Both airgun and fin whale sounds were recorded at all sites. Fin whale calling rates were higher at sites north of 32° N, increased during the late summer and fall months at all sites, and peaked during the winter months, a time when airgun noise was often prevalent. Seismic survey vessels were acoustically located off the coasts of three major areas: Newfoundland, northeast Brazil, and Senegal and Mauritania in West Africa. In some cases, airgun sounds were recorded almost 4000 km from the survey vessel in areas that are likely occupied by fin whales, and at some locations airgun sounds were recorded more than 80% days/month for more than 12 consecutive months.
在 1999 年至 2009 年间，自主式水听器被部署在北大西洋中脊的 16°N 至 50°N 之间，以监测地震活动。这些数据被用于检查在近海石油和天然气勘探中产生的气枪声音，以及可能被气枪噪音掩盖的长须鲸的 20Hz 脉冲声。使用自动检测算法来识别气枪声音模式，并通过长期频谱分析总结长须鲸的叫声水平。所有地点都记录了气枪和长须鲸的声音。在北纬 32°以北的地点，长须鲸的叫声频率更高，在所有地点的夏末和秋季增加，并在冬季达到峰值，此时气枪噪音通常很普遍。地震调查船在三个主要地区的沿海地区进行声学定位：纽芬兰、巴西东北部以及西非的塞内加尔和毛里塔尼亚。在某些情况下，气枪声音在距离调查船近 4000 公里的地方被记录下来，这些地方可能有长须鲸出没，而在一些地点，气枪声音在 12 个月的连续时间内，每月超过 80%的天数被记录下来。
