School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Medisiinarinkatu 3, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
J Adolesc. 2012 Aug;35(4):991-9. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.02.003. Epub 2012 Feb 19.
We examined how Finnish adolescents' fears for their future changed over a quarter of a century and how these changes reflect transformations of the adolescents' key contexts from the late-modernist perspective. Nationally representative samples of 12-, 14-, 16-, and 18-year-olds in 1983, 1997, and 2007 were surveyed using mailed questionnaires regarding health behaviours (N = 17,750). Over 1900 fears to open-ended questions were reported. Inductive content analysis was used to construct 19 fear categories. The percentage of adolescents reporting fears in each study year is presented for the entire study population and by age and sex with tests for statistical significance. Fears concerning global and societal issues declined from 1983 to 2007. The emphasis on future work remained stable, but uneasiness about making wrong decisions has increased. Fears regarding health, death, loneliness, and relationships gained importance. Our findings indicate that the perceptions of risks have become more individualized, thus providing strong support for the late-modernist theory.
我们考察了芬兰青少年对未来的恐惧在四分之一个世纪的时间里发生了怎样的变化，以及这些变化如何从后现代主义的角度反映了青少年关键背景的转型。我们对 1983 年、1997 年和 2007 年 12 岁、14 岁、16 岁和 18 岁的具有全国代表性的青少年样本进行了调查，使用邮寄问卷的方式调查了他们的健康行为（N=17750）。针对开放式问题，收到了超过 1900 个恐惧的报告。采用归纳内容分析法构建了 19 个恐惧类别。展示了每个研究年份报告恐惧的青少年的百分比，包括整个研究人群、按年龄和性别分组，并进行了统计学意义的检验。1983 年至 2007 年，青少年对全球和社会问题的恐惧呈下降趋势。对未来工作的重视保持稳定，但做出错误决策的不安感有所增加。对健康、死亡、孤独和人际关系的担忧变得更加重要。我们的研究结果表明，对风险的认识变得更加个体化，因此为后现代主义理论提供了强有力的支持。
