Kuhl T, Wendt S, Michels G, Langebartels G, Wahlers T
Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie, Herzzentrum, Uniklinik Köln.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2012 Mar;137(9):442-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1298994. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
The percutaneous tracheostomy is a conventional procedure in patients undergoing long term ventilation on ICU. It both facilitates weaning and reduces the ventilation and tracheal tube associated risks.Usually the tracheostomy is accomplished via the tracheal tube. The alternative implies extubation and reinsertion of a laryngeal mask. This method itself affords a better overview for the bronchoscoping person accompanied by a lower risk for cuff or bronchoscope lesions. An accidental extubation as well as an injuring of the vocal cords (because of the inflated cuff during accidental extubation) appears impossible in this method.This paper gives a general survey on indication, contraindication, advantages and disadvantages of the percutaneous tracheostomy via laryngeal mask. We also described the procedure itself, step by step.
经皮气管切开术是重症监护病房（ICU）中对长期接受通气治疗的患者实施的常规操作。它既能促进撤机，又能降低与通气和气管插管相关的风险。通常气管切开术是通过气管导管完成的。另一种方法是拔管并重新插入喉罩。这种方法本身能为支气管镜检查人员提供更好的视野，同时降低袖带或支气管镜损伤的风险。采用这种方法似乎不可能发生意外拔管以及声带损伤（由于意外拔管时袖带充气）。本文对经喉罩行皮气管切开术的适应证、禁忌证、优缺点进行了概述。我们还逐步描述了该操作本身。
