Chichinadze Konstantin, Tkemaladze Jaba, Lazarashvili Ann
Life Science Research Center, Tbilisi, Georgia, USA.
Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2012;31(3):172-83. doi: 10.1080/15257770.2011.648362.
In 2006, a group of scientists studying centrosomes of Spisula solidissima mollusc oocytes under the leadership of Alliegro (Alliegro, M.C.; Alliegro, M.A.; Palazzo, R.E. Centrosome-associated RNA in surf clam oocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006, 103(24), 9034-9038) reliably demonstrated the existence of specific RNA in centrosome, called centrosomal RNA (cnRNA). In their first article, five different RNAs (cnRNAs 11, 102, 113, 170, and 184) were described. During the process of full sequencing of the first transcript (cnRNA 11), it was discovered that the transcript contained a conserved structure-a reverse transcriptase domain located together with the most important centrosomal protein, γ-tubulin. In an article published in 2005, we made assumptions about several possible mechanisms for determining the most important functions of centrosomal structures and referred to one of them as a "RNA-dependent mechanism." This idea about participation of hypothetic centrosomal small interference RNA and/or microRNA in the process was made one year prior to the discovery of cnRNA by Alliegro's group. The discovery of specific RNA in a centrosome is indirect evidence of a centrosomal hypothesis of cellular ageing and differentiation. The presence of a reverse transcriptase domain in this type of RNA, together with its uniqueness and specificity, makes the centrosome a place of information storage and reproduction.
2006年，在阿列格罗（阿列格罗，M.C.；阿列格罗，M.A.；帕拉佐，R.E. 海螂卵母细胞中与中心体相关的RNA。《美国国家科学院院刊》2006年，103(24)，9034 - 9038）的带领下，一组科学家对海螂（Spisula solidissima）软体动物卵母细胞的中心体进行研究，确凿地证明了中心体中存在特定的RNA，称为中心体RNA（cnRNA）。在他们的第一篇文章中，描述了五种不同的RNA（cnRNAs 11、102、113、170和184）。在对第一个转录本（cnRNA 11）进行全测序的过程中，发现该转录本包含一个保守结构——一个逆转录酶结构域，它与最重要的中心体蛋白γ-微管蛋白位于一起。在2005年发表的一篇文章中，我们对确定中心体结构最重要功能的几种可能机制进行了假设，并将其中一种称为“RNA依赖机制”。关于假设的中心体小干扰RNA和/或微小RNA参与该过程的这一想法，是在阿列格罗团队发现cnRNA的前一年提出的。在中心体中发现特定RNA是细胞衰老和分化的中心体假说的间接证据。这种类型的RNA中存在逆转录酶结构域，连同其独特性和特异性，使中心体成为信息存储和复制的场所。
