Faculty of Law, Faculty of Medicine and Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2012 Apr;117(1):90-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.01.001. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
Recent decisions of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and the High Court of Delhi have shown how the pregnancy-related deaths of individual women have been bases on which these authoritative tribunals have held Brazil, Paraguay, and India respectively accountable for avoidable maternal mortality not only in these cases, but also among their populations more generally. The right to life is the most fundamental of women's human rights, recognized in international human rights treaties and national laws. Failure of governments to apply their resources adequately to address, respect, and protect this right violates the law of human rights. These cases show, however, that governments may fail to allocate adequate resources to women's survival of pregnancy. Tribunals can build on the failures in individual cases to set standards of performance to which governments will legally be held to achieve safe motherhood.
最近消除对妇女歧视委员会（CEDAW）、美洲人权法院和德里高等法院的裁决表明，个别妇女因怀孕而死亡的情况成为这些权威法庭的依据，使巴西、巴拉圭和印度分别对这些案件以及更普遍的人口中的可避免孕产妇死亡率承担责任。生命权是妇女最基本的人权，得到国际人权条约和国家法律的承认。政府未能充分利用其资源来解决、尊重和保护这一权利，这违反了人权法。然而，这些案例表明，政府可能未能为妇女怀孕期的生存分配足够的资源。法庭可以根据个别案件中的失败情况，制定政府将依法遵守的绩效标准，以实现安全孕产。
