Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2012 Feb;34(1):37-60. doi: 10.1123/jsep.34.1.37.
A three-wave prospective design was used to assess a model of motivation guided by self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2008) spanning the contexts of school physical education (PE) and exercise. The outcome variables examined were health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical self-concept (PSC), and 4 days of objectively assessed estimates of activity. Secondary school students (n = 494) completed questionnaires at three separate time points and were familiarized with how to use a sealed pedometer. Results of structural equation modeling supported a model in which perceptions of autonomy support from a PE teacher positively predicted PE-related need satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness). Competence predicted PSC, whereas relatedness predicted HRQoL. Autonomy and competence positively predicted autonomous motivation toward PE, which in turn positively predicted autonomous motivation toward exercise (i.e., 4-day pedometer step count). Autonomous motivation toward exercise positively predicted step count, HRQoL, and PSC. Results of multisample structural equation modeling supported gender invariance. Suggestions for future work are discussed.
采用三波前瞻性设计，评估了由自我决定理论（Ryan & Deci，2008）指导的动机模型，该模型涵盖了学校体育教育（PE）和锻炼的背景。考察的结果变量包括与健康相关的生活质量（HRQoL）、身体自我概念（PSC）以及 4 天的客观评估活动量。中学生（n=494）在三个不同的时间点完成了问卷调查，并熟悉了如何使用密封计步器。结构方程模型的结果支持这样一种模型，即体育老师的自主性支持感知正向预测与 PE 相关的需求满足（自主性、能力和关联性）。能力预测 PSC，而关联性预测 HRQoL。对 PE 的自主性动机正向预测对锻炼的自主性动机（即 4 天计步器步数），对锻炼的自主性动机又正向预测了锻炼的计步器步数、HRQoL 和 PSC。锻炼的自主性动机对计步器步数、HRQoL 和 PSC 均有正向预测作用。多样本结构方程模型的结果支持性别不变性。讨论了未来工作的建议。
