Robinson Colin L, Baumann Lauren M, Gilman Robert H, Romero Karina, Combe Juan Manuel, Cabrera Lilia, Hansel Nadia N, Barnes Kathleen, Gonzalvez Guillermo, Wise Robert A, Breysse Patrick N, Checkley William
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
BMJ Open. 2012 Feb 22;2(1):e000421. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000421. Print 2012.
According to a large-scale international survey, Peru has one of the highest prevalences of asthma worldwide; however, data from this survey were limited to participants from urban Lima. The authors sought to characterise the epidemiology of asthma in Peru in two regions with disparate degrees of urbanisation. In this manuscript, the authors summarise the study design and implementation.
A cross-sectional study.
Using census data of 13-15-year-old adolescents from two communities in Peru, the authors invited a random sample of participants in Lima (n=725) and all adolescents in Tumbes (n=716) to participate in our study.
The authors asked participants to complete a questionnaire on asthma symptoms, environmental exposures and socio-demographics and to undergo spirometry before and after bronchodilator, skin allergy testing and exhaled nitric oxide testing. The authors obtained blood samples for haematocrit, total IgE levels, vitamin D levels and DNA in all participants and measured indoor particulate matter concentrations for 48 h in a random subset of 70-100 households at each site.
Of 1851 eligible participants, 1441 (78%) were enrolled and 1159 (80% of enrolled) completed all physical tests. 1283 (89%) performed spirometry according to standard guidelines, of which 86% of prebronchodilator tests and 92% of postbronchodilator tests were acceptable and reproducible. 92% of allergy skin tests had an adequate negative control. The authors collected blood from 1146 participants (79%) and saliva samples from 148 participants (9%). Overall amounts of DNA obtained from blood or saliva were 25.8 μg, with a 260/280 ratio of 1.86.
This study will contribute to the characterisation of a variety of risk factors for asthma, including urbanisation, total IgE levels, vitamin D levels and candidate genes, in a resource-poor setting. The authors present data to support high quality of survey, allergic, spirometric and genetic data collected in our study.
根据一项大规模国际调查，秘鲁是全球哮喘患病率最高的国家之一；然而，该调查数据仅限于利马市的参与者。作者试图描述秘鲁两个城市化程度不同地区的哮喘流行病学特征。在本手稿中，作者总结了研究设计与实施情况。
一项横断面研究。
利用秘鲁两个社区13至15岁青少年的人口普查数据，作者邀请了利马的随机样本参与者（n = 725）以及通贝斯的所有青少年（n = 716）参与我们的研究。
作者要求参与者完成一份关于哮喘症状、环境暴露和社会人口统计学的问卷，并在使用支气管扩张剂前后进行肺功能测定、皮肤过敏试验和呼出一氧化氮检测。作者采集了所有参与者的血液样本以检测血细胞比容、总IgE水平、维生素D水平和DNA，并在每个地点随机抽取70至100户家庭中的一部分，测量其室内颗粒物浓度48小时。
在1851名符合条件的参与者中，1441名（78%）被纳入研究，1159名（占纳入者的80%）完成了所有体格检查。1283名（89%）按照标准指南进行了肺功能测定，其中86%的支气管扩张剂使用前测试和92%的支气管扩张剂使用后测试结果可接受且可重复。92%的过敏皮肤试验有适当的阴性对照。作者采集了1146名参与者（79%）的血液样本和148名参与者（9%）的唾液样本。从血液或唾液中获得的DNA总量为25.8μg，260/280比值为1.86。
本研究将有助于在资源匮乏的环境中描述哮喘的多种危险因素，包括城市化、总IgE水平、维生素D水平和候选基因。作者提供的数据支持了我们研究中收集的高质量调查、过敏、肺功能和基因数据。
