Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument St. Room 555, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Lung. 2018 Jun;196(3):277-284. doi: 10.1007/s00408-018-0109-7. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
Body composition is known to influence the development and progression of chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). We sought to characterize the unique anthropometric phenotypes that present with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic bronchitis across four distinct settings in Peru.
We collected sociodemographic, clinical history, and spirometry data from 2959 participants from Lima, Tumbes, and rural and urban Puno. We compared the prevalence of CRDs among different study sites and described disease phenotypes. We used single and multivariable linear regression to model the influence of CRD status on various descriptors of body composition.
Overall prevalence of CRDs varied across sites with the highest prevalence of asthma in Lima (14.5%) and the highest prevalence of COPD in rural Puno (9.9%). Measures of body composition also varied across sites, with highest mean body mass index (BMI) in Lima (28.4 kg/m) and the lowest mean BMI in rural Puno (25.2 kg/m). Participants with COPD had the lowest mean fat mass index (FMI) (10.5 kg/m) and waist circumference (88.3 cm), whereas participants with asthma had the highest mean FMI (14.5 kg/m), and waist circumference (94.8 cm). In multivariable analysis, participants with COPD had a lower waist circumference (adjusted mean - 2.97 cm, 95% CI 4.62 to - 1.32 cm) when compared to non-CRD participants.
Our findings provide evidence that asthma and chronic bronchitis are more likely to be associated with obesity and higher fat mass, while COPD is associated with being underweight and having less lean mass.
众所周知，身体成分会影响慢性呼吸道疾病（CRD）的发展和进程。我们试图描述在秘鲁四个不同地区，哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和慢性支气管炎特有的人体测量表型。
我们从利马、通贝斯和普诺农村和城市地区的 2959 名参与者中收集了社会人口统计学、临床病史和肺活量测定数据。我们比较了不同研究地点的 CRD 患病率，并描述了疾病表型。我们使用单变量和多变量线性回归来模拟 CRD 状态对身体成分各种指标的影响。
总体而言，CRD 的患病率在不同地点有所不同，利马的哮喘患病率最高（14.5%），农村普诺的 COPD 患病率最高（9.9%）。身体成分的指标也因地点而异，利马的平均体重指数（BMI）最高（28.4 kg/m），农村普诺的平均 BMI 最低（25.2 kg/m）。COPD 患者的平均脂肪质量指数（FMI）（10.5 kg/m）和腰围（88.3 cm）最低，而哮喘患者的平均 FMI（14.5 kg/m）和腰围（94.8 cm）最高。在多变量分析中，与非 CRD 参与者相比，COPD 患者的腰围更小（调整后的平均差异-2.97 cm，95%置信区间 4.62 至-1.32 cm）。
我们的研究结果提供了证据，表明哮喘和慢性支气管炎更可能与肥胖和更高的脂肪量相关，而 COPD 则与体重不足和更少的瘦体重相关。
