Replication patterns and cytopathology of cells infected with baculoviruses.

In vitro studies have contributed greatly to an understanding of viral cytopathology, molecular biology, and pathogenesis. A model of the role of baculoviruses in a host-parasite relationship is developing which reveals the virus as gaining control of many aspects of host cell biology including control of the cell replication machinery (apoptotic response, macromolecular synthesis), the cytoskeletal structure, the nuclear membrane and intranuclear architecture. Baculovirus replication is a collection of independent but inter-related processes which work within the framework of the host cell, with the in vivo goal of maximizing production of progeny virions. Further molecular dissection of baculovirus replication should yield insight into the processes and principles of viral and host regulatory systems, perhaps facilitating development of new generations of high efficiency sub-viral expression vector systems and the development of genetically improved strains of virus safe for field use in ecologically based pest management strategies.