Division of Ophthalmology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;56(3):198-202. doi: 10.1007/s10384-012-0126-7. Epub 2012 Feb 23.
To report the current status of patients with microphthalmia based on a cross-sectional survey of patient hospital visits.
A questionnaire was sent to the departments of ophthalmology in 1,151 major Japanese hospitals to survey the following: the number of patients with microphthalmia who visited the outpatient clinics between January 2008 and December 2009; gender; age; family history; associated ocular anomalies; complications and systemic diseases; surgical treatment; vision and management. A retrospective quantitative registry of 1,254 microphthalmic eyes (851 patients) from 454 hospitals (39.4%) was compiled.
Of the patients for whom data were available, 50% ranged in age from 0 to 9 years. The major ocular findings were nanophthalmos, coloboma, and vitreoretinal malformations. Ocular complications frequently developed, including cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal detachment. Surgery was performed in 21.4% of all cases, and systemic diseases were present in 31% of all cases. The vision associated with microphthalmia exceeded 0.1 in about 30% of the eyes. Glasses and low vision aids were used by 21.6% of patients.
Patients with microphthalmia often have ocular and systemic anomalies. Early assessment and preservation of vision and long-term complication management are needed.
通过对患者门诊就诊的横断面调查，报告小眼症患者的现状。
向日本 1151 家主要医院的眼科部门发放问卷，调查以下内容：2008 年 1 月至 2009 年 12 月期间，门诊就诊的小眼症患者人数；性别；年龄；家族史；伴发眼部异常；并发症和全身疾病；手术治疗；视力和治疗管理。对 454 家医院（39.4%）的 1254 只小眼（851 例）进行回顾性定量登记。
对于有数据可查的患者，50%的年龄在 0 至 9 岁之间。主要眼部表现为小眼球、眼眶裂和视网膜脉络膜畸形。常发生眼部并发症，包括白内障、青光眼和视网膜脱离。所有病例中 21.4%进行了手术，所有病例中有 31%存在全身疾病。小眼症相关视力超过 0.1 的约占 30%。约 21.6%的患者使用眼镜和低视力辅助器具。
小眼症患者常伴有眼部和全身异常。需要早期评估和保护视力，并进行长期并发症管理。
