Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing.
PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e31261. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031261. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
Polymorphum gilvum SL003B-26A1(T) is the type strain of a novel species in the recently published novel genus Polymorphum isolated from saline soil contaminated with crude oil. It is capable of using crude oil as the sole carbon and energy source and can adapt to saline soil at a temperature of 45°C. The Polymorphum gilvum genome provides a genetic basis for understanding how the strain could degrade crude oil and adapt to a saline environment. Genome analysis revealed the versatility of the strain for emulsifying crude oil, metabolizing aromatic compounds (a characteristic specific to the Polymorphum gilvum genome in comparison with other known genomes of oil-degrading bacteria), as well as possibly metabolizing n-alkanes through the LadA pathway. In addition, COG analysis revealed Polymorphum gilvum SL003B-26A1(T) has significantly higher abundances of the proteins responsible for cell motility, lipid transport and metabolism, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis, transport and catabolism than the average levels found in all other genomes sequenced thus far, but lower abundances of the proteins responsible for carbohydrate transport and metabolism, defense mechanisms, and translation than the average levels. These traits support the adaptability of Polymorphum gilvum to a crude oil-contaminated saline environment. The Polymorphum gilvum genome could serve as a platform for further study of oil-degrading microorganisms for bioremediation and microbial-enhanced oil recovery in harsh saline environments.
盐单胞菌 SL003B-26A1(T) 是最近发表的新型盐单胞菌属中模式种，从受原油污染的盐碱土壤中分离得到。它能够利用原油作为唯一的碳源和能源，并且能够在 45°C 的盐碱土壤中适应。盐单胞菌的基因组为理解该菌株如何降解原油和适应盐碱环境提供了遗传基础。基因组分析表明，该菌株具有乳化原油、代谢芳香族化合物（与其他已知的石油降解菌基因组相比，这是盐单胞菌基因组的特征）以及可能通过 LadA 途径代谢正烷烃的多功能性。此外，COG 分析表明，与迄今为止测序的所有其他基因组的平均水平相比，盐单胞菌 SL003B-26A1(T) 负责细胞运动、脂质运输和代谢以及次生代谢物生物合成、运输和分解代谢的蛋白质的丰度显著更高，但负责碳水化合物运输和代谢、防御机制和翻译的蛋白质的丰度低于平均水平。这些特征支持盐单胞菌对受原油污染的盐碱环境的适应性。盐单胞菌基因组可以作为进一步研究用于生物修复和微生物强化采油的石油降解微生物的平台，适用于恶劣的盐碱环境。
