University Politehnica of Timisoara, 300222 Timisoara, Romania.
J Biomech. 2012 Apr 5;45(6):972-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.01.010. Epub 2012 Feb 22.
The forces generated by the muscles with origin on the human femur play a major role in transtibial amputee gait, as they are the most effective of the means that the body can use for propulsion. By estimating the forces generated by the thigh muscles of transtibial amputees, and comparing them to the forces generated by the thigh muscles of normal subjects, it is possible to better estimate the energy output needed from prosthetic devices. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the forces generated by the thigh muscles of transtibial amputees and compare these with forces obtained from the same muscles in the case of normal subjects. Two transtibial amputees and four normal subjects similar in size to the amputees were investigated. Level ground walking was chosen as the movement to be studied, since it is a common activity that most amputees engage in. Inverse dynamics and a muscle recruitment algorithm (developed by AnyBody Technology(®)) were used for generating the muscle activation patterns and for computing the muscle forces. The muscle forces were estimated as two sums: one for all posterior muscles and one for the anterior muscles, based on the position of the muscles of the thigh relative to the frontal plane of the human body. The results showed that a significantly higher force is generated by the posterior muscles of the amputees during walking, leading to a general increase of the metabolic cost necessary for one step.
起源于人体股骨的肌肉产生的力在小腿截肢者的步态中起着重要作用，因为它们是身体用于推进的最有效的手段。通过估计小腿截肢者大腿肌肉产生的力，并将其与正常受试者大腿肌肉产生的力进行比较，可以更好地估计假肢所需的能量输出。本文的目的是获得小腿截肢者大腿肌肉产生的力，并将这些力与正常受试者相同肌肉产生的力进行比较。研究了两名小腿截肢者和四名与截肢者体型相似的正常受试者。选择平地行走作为研究的运动，因为这是大多数截肢者经常进行的常见活动。采用逆动力学和肌肉募集算法（由 AnyBody Technology(®)开发）来生成肌肉激活模式和计算肌肉力。根据大腿肌肉相对于人体额状面的位置，将肌肉力估计为两个总和：一个用于所有后肌，另一个用于前肌。结果表明，截肢者在行走过程中后肌产生的力明显更高，导致每一步所需的代谢成本普遍增加。
