Restellini S, Nendaz M, Morard I
Service de médecine interne générale, Département de médecine interne, réhabilitation et gériatrie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.
Rev Med Suisse. 2012 Feb 1;8(326):276, 278-81.
Bacterial infections are frequent and severe complications in patients with cirrhosis. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is the most common infection in such patients. The risk of recurrence at one year after a first episode of SBP is higher than 70% and hospital mortality is estimated between 30-50%. Therefore, there is growing interest in antibiotic prophylaxis (ATP) in these patients. Risk factors for the occurrence of SBP include low protein level in ascitis, a history of previous SBP and an episode of gastrointestinal bleeding. In all three situations, the indication of ATP, reviewed in this paper, is recognized and improves survival.
细菌感染是肝硬化患者常见且严重的并发症。自发性细菌性腹膜炎（SBP）是这类患者最常见的感染。首次发生SBP后1年的复发风险高于70%，医院死亡率估计在30%至50%之间。因此，人们对这些患者的抗生素预防（ATP）越来越感兴趣。SBP发生的危险因素包括腹水蛋白水平低、既往SBP病史和胃肠道出血发作。在所有这三种情况下，本文所综述的ATP指征是公认的，并且能提高生存率。
