Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Gerodontology. 2013 Mar;30(1):49-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2012.00644.x. Epub 2012 Feb 26.
To compare oral health in nursing home (NH) residents with different cognitive statuses.
Oral health is a significant issue for NH residents because of its relationships to quality of life, systemic health and well-being. It is known that oral health is poor in NH residents. However, how oral health differs in NH residents with different cognitive statuses remains unclear.
Nine hundred and two NH residents were retrospectively recruited from a community-based geriatric dental clinic in Minnesota, USA. Comprehensive medical, dental, cognitive and functional assessments were completed for the participants. On the basis of medical history and cognitive status, participants were categorized into three groups: without cognitive impairment (non-impaired group), with cognitive impairment but no dementia (impaired group) and with dementia (demented group). ANOVA, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare medical, dental and functional statuses between groups.
Oral hygiene was poor in NH residents. Forty per cent of participants in the impaired group were edentulous, significantly higher than the edentulism rate in the demented group (29%, p = 0.01). More than 60% of the participants lost 16 or more teeth prior to examination. Depending on their cognitive status, 82-92% of the participants arrived with one or more caries or retained root. Dentate participants in the impaired and demented groups averaged about six caries or retained roots, significantly more than 4.7 caries or retained roots in the non-impaired group (p = 0.01).
Oral health was poor but slightly different in NH residents with different cognitive and functional statuses.
比较认知状态不同的养老院（NH）居民的口腔健康状况。
口腔健康是 NH 居民的一个重要问题，因为它与生活质量、全身健康和幸福感有关。众所周知，NH 居民的口腔健康状况较差。然而，不同认知状态的 NH 居民的口腔健康状况有何不同尚不清楚。
从美国明尼苏达州的一个社区老年牙科诊所回顾性招募了 902 名 NH 居民。为参与者完成了全面的医疗、牙科、认知和功能评估。根据病史和认知状态，参与者分为三组：无认知障碍（无损伤组）、有认知障碍但无痴呆（损伤组）和痴呆（痴呆组）。使用 ANOVA、卡方检验和 Fisher 精确检验比较组间的医疗、牙科和功能状况。
NH 居民的口腔卫生状况较差。40%的损伤组参与者无牙，明显高于痴呆组的无牙率（29%，p=0.01）。超过 60%的参与者在检查前已经失去了 16 颗或更多的牙齿。根据其认知状态，82-92%的参与者有一个或多个龋齿或残根。有牙的损伤组和痴呆组参与者平均有 6 个龋齿或残根，明显多于无损伤组的 4.7 个龋齿或残根（p=0.01）。
NH 居民的口腔健康状况较差，但认知和功能状态不同的 NH 居民的口腔健康状况略有不同。
