Klotz Anna-Luisa, Hassel Alexander Jochen, Schröder Johannes, Rammelsberg Peter, Zenthöfer Andreas
Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School.
Institute of Gerontology.
Clin Interv Aging. 2017 Apr 11;12:659-665. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S125128. eCollection 2017.
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effect of prosthetic status on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of nursing home residents with or without dementia.
The study was performed in 14 nursing homes across the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. All eligible participants were included, and general and medical information and information about their dental and prosthetic statuses were collected. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was administered to evaluate OHRQoL. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) served to classify participants into living or not living with dementia according to the established cutoff value for dementia (MMSE <24). Parametric bivariate statistics and logistic regression models were used to analyze data at <0.05.
A total of 169 participants were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 82.9 years. A total of some 70% of the sample was living with dementia. The mean GOHAI score along the sample was 49.1 (8.3), and 41% of the sample reported substantially compromised OHRQoL (GOHAI <50). OHRQoL was statistically similar for people with or without dementia (=0.234); objective oral health was also similar in both groups (>0.05). The number of teeth (odds ratio [OR]: 2.0), the type of prosthetic status (OR: 6.5), and denture-related treatment needs (OR: 2.4) were the major factors significantly affecting OHRQoL (<0.05).
The OHRQoL of elderly nursing home residents is substantially compromised. Several prosthetic treatment needs for residents living with or without dementia were identified. Edentulism without tooth replacement and having <5 teeth resulted in an increased risk of substantially compromised OHRQoL. Further studies should be conducted to determine whether improvements in prosthetic status can increase OHRQoL.
本横断面研究的目的是评估假体状态对患有或未患有痴呆症的养老院居民口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的影响。
该研究在德国巴登-符腾堡州的14家养老院进行。纳入所有符合条件的参与者，并收集一般和医疗信息以及有关他们牙齿和假体状态的信息。采用老年口腔健康评估指数（GOHAI）来评估OHRQoL。简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）用于根据既定的痴呆症临界值（MMSE<24）将参与者分为患有或未患有痴呆症。使用参数双变量统计和逻辑回归模型在<0.05的水平上分析数据。
本研究共纳入169名参与者。参与者的平均年龄为82.9岁。约70%的样本患有痴呆症。样本的平均GOHAI评分为49.1（8.3），41%的样本报告OHRQoL严重受损（GOHAI<50）。患有或未患有痴呆症的人的OHRQoL在统计学上相似（P=0.234）；两组的客观口腔健康也相似（P>0.05）。牙齿数量（优势比[OR]：2.0）、假体状态类型（OR：6.5）和与假牙相关的治疗需求（OR：2.4）是显著影响OHRQoL的主要因素（P<0.05）。
老年养老院居民的OHRQoL严重受损。确定了患有或未患有痴呆症的居民的几种假体治疗需求。无牙且未进行牙齿替换以及牙齿数量<5颗会导致OHRQoL严重受损的风险增加。应进行进一步研究以确定改善假体状态是否可以提高OHRQoL。
