特发性肺纤维化的诊断方法。

Approach to the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

出版信息

Clin Chest Med. 2012 Mar;33(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2011.12.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.ccm.2011.12.002

Abstract

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) encompass a wide range of diffuse pulmonary disorders, characterized by a variable degree of inflammatory and fibrotic changes of the alveolar wall and eventually the distal bronchiolar airspaces. ILDs may occur in isolation or in association with systemic diseases. The clinical evaluation of a patient with ILD includes a thorough medical history and detailed physical examination; obligatory diagnostic testing includes laboratory testing, chest radiography, and high-resolution computed tomography and comprehensive pulmonary function testing and blood gas analysis. To optimize the diagnostic yield, a dynamic interaction between the pulmonologist, radiologist, and pathologist is mandatory.

摘要

间质性肺疾病（ILDs）涵盖了广泛的弥漫性肺疾病，其特征是肺泡壁和最终的远端细支气管气腔的炎症和纤维化程度不同。ILDs 可以单独发生，也可以与系统性疾病相关。ILD 患者的临床评估包括详细的病史和体格检查；强制性诊断测试包括实验室测试、胸部 X 射线摄影、高分辨率计算机断层扫描以及全面的肺功能测试和血气分析。为了优化诊断效果，肺病学家、放射科医生和病理学家之间必须进行动态互动。