Meyer Keith C
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, K4/930 Clinical Sciences Center, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-9988, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2004 Dec;25(4):637-49, v. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2004.08.001.
Considerable progress has been made in understanding the similarities and differences among the forms of the interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), particularly the forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, now recognized as distinct clinicopathologic entities. Lung parenchymal evaluation by high-resolution CT scanning of the chest may provide images that are virtually diagnostic of certain forms of ILD, but other testing, including bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung biopsy, may be required for accurate diagnosis. The differential diagnosis of these disorders rests on the clinician's interpretation of the clinical presentation and physical examination findings, pulmonary function testing, radiographic imaging, and, if required, sampling of lung tissue. This discussion examines the usefulness of BAL in the diagnosis of specific forms of ILD.
在理解间质性肺疾病（ILDs）各类型之间的异同方面已经取得了相当大的进展，尤其是特发性间质性肺炎的各类型，现在被认为是不同的临床病理实体。通过胸部高分辨率CT扫描进行肺实质评估可能会提供几乎可以诊断某些形式ILD的图像，但准确诊断可能还需要其他检查，包括支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）和肺活检。这些疾病的鉴别诊断取决于临床医生对临床表现、体格检查结果、肺功能测试、影像学检查以及必要时肺组织采样的解读。本讨论探讨了BAL在特定形式ILD诊断中的作用。
