CEA, Direction de la Recherche Technologique, Laboratoire des Technologies de la Biomasse, 17 Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
Bioresour Technol. 2012 May;111:191-200. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.020. Epub 2012 Feb 14.
A new process evaluation methodology of microalgae biodiesel has been developed. Based on four evaluation criteria, i.e. the net energy ratio (NER), biodiesel production costs, greenhouse gases (GHG) emission rate and water footprint, the model compares various technologies for each step of the process, from cultivation to oil upgrading. An innovative pathway (hybrid raceway/PBR cultivation system, belt filter press for dewatering, wet lipid extraction, oil hydrotreating and anaerobic digestion of residues) shows good results in comparison to a reference pathway (doubled NER, lower GHG emission rate and water footprint). The production costs are still unfavourable (between 1.94 and 3.35 €/L of biodiesel). The most influential parameters have been targeted through a global sensitivity analysis and classified: (i) lipid productivity, (ii) the cultivation step, and (iii) the downstream processes. The use of low-carbon energy sources is required to achieve significant reductions of the biodiesel GHG emission rate compared to petroleum diesel.
一种新的微藻生物柴油工艺评估方法已经开发出来。该方法基于净能比（NER）、生物柴油生产成本、温室气体（GHG）排放率和水足迹这四个评估标准，对从培养到油升级的各个过程的各种技术进行了比较。与参考途径（NER 提高一倍、GHG 排放率和水足迹降低）相比，一种创新途径（混合跑道/PBR 培养系统、带式压滤机脱水、湿脂质提取、油加氢处理和残渣厌氧消化）显示出良好的结果。但生产成本仍然不利（生物柴油的生产成本在 1.94 欧元/升至 3.35 欧元/升之间）。通过全局敏感性分析，对最有影响力的参数进行了分类：（i）产油率、（ii）培养步骤和（iii）下游工艺。与石油柴油相比，要显著降低生物柴油的 GHG 排放率，就需要使用低碳能源。
