Department of Clinical and Preclinical Branches, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
Med Sci Monit. 2012 Mar;18(3):PH19-27. doi: 10.12659/msm.882508.
Childhood injury rates are monitored worldwide because they markedly affect morbidity and mortality of children. There are numerous works that point out the relationship between family socioeconomic status and injuries, where lower socioeconomic levels are linked to higher numbers of injuries.
MATERIAL/METHODS: The goal of this work was to evaluate the relationship between family socioeconomic status and childhood injuries in the Czech Republic. The research was carried out between 1/7/2009 and 31/12/2010. A 2-part questionnaire was used to gather information. The first part, "Injury/poisoning of children," included information on the injury itself; the second part, "Family functionality," concerned family socioeconomic situations. We collected a total of 874 questionnaires in the South-Bohemian region and 132 questionnaires from a selected county in the North-Bohemian region. A database identical with the questionnaire assignment was established, comprising all the data accumulated.
The injury rate in families living in poor socioeconomic situations in locality 8 was statistically significantly higher compared to families in good socioeconomic situations. The number of home injuries was 205. Families with incomes that were twice the subsistence level had more child protective measures in their households. There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of child protective measures and injury frequency in families. Children in families having higher incomes (twice that of subsistence level) were more likely to suffer injuries related to organized sports as compared to those in families having lower incomes.
The literature and research data show that preventive programs have the largest effect on reduction in childhood morbidity and mortality with respect to injuries.
儿童伤害率在全球范围内受到监测，因为它们显著影响儿童的发病率和死亡率。有许多研究指出家庭社会经济地位与伤害之间的关系，其中较低的社会经济水平与较高的伤害数量有关。
材料/方法：本研究旨在评估捷克共和国家庭社会经济地位与儿童伤害之间的关系。研究于 2009 年 7 月 1 日至 2010 年 12 月 31 日进行。使用两部分问卷收集信息。第一部分是“儿童伤害/中毒”，包括伤害本身的信息；第二部分是“家庭功能”，涉及家庭社会经济状况。我们在南波希米亚地区共收集了 874 份问卷，在北波希米亚地区的一个选定县收集了 132 份问卷。建立了一个与问卷分配相同的数据库，包含所有累积的数据。
在当地 8 区处于贫困社会经济状况的家庭中，伤害率明显高于社会经济状况良好的家庭。家中受伤的数量为 205 例。收入是生存水平两倍的家庭在其家中采取了更多的儿童保护措施。家庭中儿童保护措施的数量与伤害频率之间存在统计学显著关系。收入较高（是生存水平的两倍）的家庭的儿童更有可能因有组织的体育活动而受伤，而收入较低的家庭则较少发生这种情况。
文献和研究数据表明，预防计划对减少儿童发病率和死亡率方面的伤害具有最大的影响。
