Santos-Buelga Celestino, Gonzalez-Manzano Susana, Dueñas Montserrat, Gonzalez-Paramas Ana M
Grupo de Investigación de Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;864:427-64. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-624-1_17.
Phenolic compounds constitute a major class of plant secondary metabolites that are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and show a large structural diversity. These compounds occur as aglycones or glycosides, as monomers or constituting highly polymerized structures, or as free or matrix-bound compounds. Furthermore, they are not uniformly distributed in the plant and their stability varies significantly. This greatly complicates their extraction and isolation processes, which means that a single standardized procedure cannot be recommended for all phenolics and/or plant materials; procedures have to be optimized depending on the nature of the sample and the target analytes, and also on the object of the study. In this chapter, the main techniques for sample preparation, and extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds have been reviewed-from classical solvent extraction procedures to more modern approaches, such as the use of molecularly imprinted polymers or counter-current chromatography.
酚类化合物是植物次生代谢产物的主要类别，广泛分布于植物界，结构多样性大。这些化合物以苷元或糖苷的形式存在，以单体形式或构成高度聚合的结构，或以游离或与基质结合的化合物形式存在。此外，它们在植物中的分布并不均匀，稳定性差异也很大。这使得它们的提取和分离过程变得极为复杂，意味着无法为所有酚类化合物和/或植物材料推荐单一的标准化程序；必须根据样品的性质、目标分析物以及研究目的对程序进行优化。在本章中，对酚类化合物样品制备、提取和分离的主要技术进行了综述——从经典的溶剂萃取程序到更现代的方法，如使用分子印迹聚合物或逆流色谱法。
