Majinda Runner R T
Department of Chemistry, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;864:415-26. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-624-1_16.
Due to their special structural features, extraction and isolation of saponins poses a serious challenge. Conventional methods have been explored as well as the recent, relatively greener, efficient, solvent-economic, time-saving, newer methods of extraction. Both traditional and recent methods of isolation are also discussed. Finally, examples are given involving both conventional and newer methods of extraction and isolation. Though in general it is difficult to use a single technique for isolation of saponins, recent literature work seems to point to the fact that high speed counter-current separation coupled to evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) gives superior separation. The ELSD appears to have circumvented the long-standing problem of saponin detection as most of these do not have a chromophore, and hence making UV detection only nonspecific and at range 200-210 nm.
由于其特殊的结构特征，皂苷的提取和分离面临严峻挑战。人们已经探索了传统方法以及最近相对更绿色、高效、溶剂经济、省时的新型提取方法。同时也讨论了传统和最新的分离方法。最后给出了涉及传统和新型提取及分离方法的实例。虽然一般来说很难用单一技术分离皂苷，但最近的文献研究似乎表明，高速逆流分离结合蒸发光散射检测器（ELSD）能实现更好的分离效果。由于大多数皂苷没有发色团，ELSD似乎解决了长期存在的皂苷检测问题，因此仅靠紫外检测是非特异性的，且检测范围在200 - 210 nm。
