Institute for Research on Children, Youth and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, The Czech Republic.
Dev Psychol. 2012 Mar;48(2):381-8. doi: 10.1037/a0027025.
The past decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of youths using the Internet, especially for communicating with peers. Online activity can widen and strengthen the social networks of adolescents and emerging adults (Subrahmanyam & Smahel, 2011), but it also increases the risk of Internet addiction. Using a framework derived from Griffiths (2000a), this study examined associations between online friendship and Internet addiction in a representative sample (n = 394) of Czech youths ages 12-26 years (M = 18.58). Three different approaches to friendship were identified: exclusively offline, face-to-face oriented, Internet oriented, on the basis of the relative percentages of online and offline associates in participants' friendship networks. The rate of Internet addiction did not differ by age or gender but was associated with communication styles, hours spent online, and friendship approaches. The study revealed that effects between Internet addiction and approaches to friendship may be reciprocal: Being oriented toward having more online friends, preferring online communication, and spending more time online were related to increased risk of Internet addiction; on the other hand, there is an alternative causal explanation that Internet addiction and preference for online communication conditions young people's tendency to seek friendship from people met online.
过去几十年见证了越来越多的年轻人使用互联网，尤其是用于与同龄人交流。在线活动可以拓宽和加强青少年和刚成年的人的社交网络（Subrahmanyam & Smahel，2011），但也增加了网络成瘾的风险。本研究采用 Griffiths（2000a）的框架，在捷克年龄在 12-26 岁的代表性青少年样本（n = 394）中，考察了在线友谊与网络成瘾之间的关联（M = 18.58）。根据参与者友谊网络中线上和线下熟人的相对比例，确定了三种不同的友谊模式：完全线下、面对面导向、互联网导向。网络成瘾的发生率与年龄或性别无关，但与沟通方式、上网时间和友谊模式有关。研究表明，网络成瘾和友谊模式之间的影响可能是相互的：倾向于拥有更多线上朋友、更喜欢线上交流、花更多时间上网与增加网络成瘾的风险有关；另一方面，也有一种替代的因果解释，即网络成瘾和对线上交流的偏好使年轻人倾向于从线上结识的人那里寻求友谊。
