Bourdillon François, Lenoble Evelyne, Giampino Sylviane, Suesser Pierre
Departement de bio-statistiques, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris.
Sante Publique. 2011 Nov-Dec;23 Suppl 6:S181-8.
The details of the implementation of early prevention in child mental health in France have been at the heart of a debate between the defenders of a universal approach and the proponents of an approach targeting specific populations. The universal approach draws on various aspects of mother and child care and early childhood care offering considerate and expressive prevention based on a relationship of trust developed over time between professionals, parents and children. The targeted approach is based on the development of programs aimed at identifying vulnerable or at-risk populations. The ethical issues raised by targeted strategies are presented and discussed. The study highlights the difficulty of distinguishing between the social, educational, medical and psychological issues raised by early prevention.
法国儿童心理健康早期预防的实施细节一直是普遍方法的支持者与针对特定人群方法的支持者之间争论的核心。普遍方法借鉴了母婴护理和幼儿护理的各个方面，基于专业人员、父母和儿童之间随着时间推移建立起来的信任关系，提供体贴且具表达性的预防措施。针对性方法则基于旨在识别脆弱或有风险人群的项目开发。文中呈现并讨论了针对性策略引发的伦理问题。该研究强调了区分早期预防所引发的社会、教育、医学和心理问题的困难。
