Bischoff P
Klinik für Augenkrankheiten, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1990 Oct 23;79(43):1297-300.
Blindness means no light perception. In that case one observes a fixed dilated pupil. An unilateral amaurosis of sudden onset is caused either by an ocular or an optic nerve condition. The most common causes are: --occlusion of the central retinal artery --apoplexy of the papilla --traumatic lesions to the optic nerve Bilateral blindness occurring suddenly is for anatomic reasons due to a chiasmatic lesion. It is mainly associated with pituitary apoplexy. More commonly bilateral blindness develops sequentially and may be discovered only after the second event. Besides other ocular diseases bilateral occipital brain infarction has to be considered.
失明意味着无光感。在这种情况下，可观察到瞳孔固定散大。单侧突然发生的黑矇由眼部或视神经疾病引起。最常见的病因有：——视网膜中央动脉阻塞——视乳头卒中——视神经创伤性损伤 突然发生的双侧失明由于解剖学原因是由视交叉病变所致。主要与垂体卒中相关。更常见的是双侧失明相继发生，可能仅在第二次发作后才被发现。除其他眼部疾病外，还必须考虑双侧枕叶脑梗死。
