Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for AIDS Intervention Research, International HIV Prevention Research Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, 2071 North Summit Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2013 Feb;15(1):172-81. doi: 10.1007/s10903-012-9596-4.
Roma (Gypsies), the largest and most disadvantaged ethnic minority group in Europe, are believed to be vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. This study's aim was to examine HIV risk in 6 Roma male sociocentric networks (n = 405 men) in Bulgaria. Participants were interviewed concerning their risk practices and tested for HIV/STDs. High-risk sexual behaviors were common. Over 57% of men had multiple sexual partners in the past 3 months. Over one-third of men reported both male and female partners in the past year. Condom use was low. Greater levels of sexual risk were associated with lower intentions and self-efficacy for using condoms, drug use, having male partners, knowing HIV-positive persons, and having higher AIDS knowledge but no prior HIV testing. Two men had HIV infection, 3.7% gonorrhea, and 5.2% chlamydia. HIV prevention interventions directed toward high-risk social networks of Roma are needed before HIV infection becomes more widely established.
罗姆人（吉普赛人）是欧洲最大和处境最不利的少数民族群体，据信他们容易感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病。本研究的目的是在保加利亚研究 6 个罗姆男性社交网络（n = 405 名男性）中的艾滋病毒风险。参与者接受了有关其风险行为的访谈，并接受了艾滋病毒/性传播疾病检测。高危性行为很常见。超过 57%的男性在过去 3 个月内有多个性伴侣。超过三分之一的男性报告在过去一年中有男性和女性伴侣。避孕套使用率较低。性风险水平较高与使用避孕套的意图和自我效能较低、吸毒、有男性伴侣、认识艾滋病毒阳性者以及艾滋病知识较高但没有进行过艾滋病毒检测有关。有 2 名男性感染了艾滋病毒，3.7%的男性患有淋病，5.2%的男性患有衣原体感染。在艾滋病毒感染更为普遍之前，需要针对罗姆人高危社交网络实施艾滋病毒预防干预措施。
