Division of Medical Humanism and Ethics, Department of Family and Geriatric Medicine, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA.
Acad Med. 2012 Mar;87(3):334-41. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e318244728c.
Medical education accreditation organizations require medical ethics and humanities education to develop professionalism in medical learners, yet there has never been a comprehensive critical appraisal of medical education in ethics and humanities. The Project to Rebalance and Integrate Medical Education (PRIME) I Workshop, convened in May 2010, undertook the first critical appraisal of the definitions, goals, and objectives of medical ethics and humanities teaching. The authors describe assembling a national expert panel of educators representing the disciplines of ethics, history, literature, and the visual arts. This panel was tasked with describing the major pedagogical goals of art, ethics, history, and literature in medical education, how these disciplines should be integrated with one another in medical education, and how they could be best integrated into undergraduate and graduate medical education. The authors present the recommendations resulting from the PRIME I discussion, centered on three main themes. The major goal of medical education in ethics and humanities is to promote humanistic skills and professional conduct in physicians. Patient-centered skills enable learners to become medical professionals, whereas critical thinking skills assist learners to critically appraise the concept and implementation of medical professionalism. Implementation of a comprehensive medical ethics and humanities curriculum in medical school and residency requires clear direction and academic support and should be based on clear goals and objectives that can be reliably assessed. The PRIME expert panel concurred that medical ethics and humanities education is essential for professional development in medicine.
医学教育认证组织要求医学伦理和人文学科教育培养医学学习者的专业精神，但对于医学教育中的伦理和人文学科，从未进行过全面的批判性评价。2010 年 5 月召开的重新平衡和整合医学教育（PRIME）I 研讨会首次对医学伦理和人文学科教学的定义、目标和目的进行了批判性评价。作者描述了组建一个由代表伦理、历史、文学和视觉艺术学科的教育工作者组成的国家专家小组。该小组的任务是描述艺术、伦理、历史和文学在医学教育中的主要教学目标，这些学科应如何在医学教育中相互整合，以及如何将它们最好地整合到本科和研究生医学教育中。作者介绍了 PRIME I 讨论产生的建议，主要围绕三个主题。医学伦理和人文学科教育的主要目标是促进医生的人文技能和职业操守。以患者为中心的技能使学习者成为医学专业人员，而批判性思维技能则帮助学习者批判性地评估医学专业精神的概念和实施。在医学院和住院医师培训中实施全面的医学伦理和人文学科课程需要明确的方向和学术支持，并且应该基于可以可靠评估的明确目标和目的。PRIME 专家小组一致认为，医学伦理和人文学科教育对于医学专业发展至关重要。
