Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2012 Aug;34(3):390-6. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fds012. Epub 2012 Feb 28.
Since 2000 various tobacco control measures have been implemented in the UK. Changes in the smoking status of low and high socioeconomic status (SES) groups in England during this period (2001-08) are explored.
Secondary analysis of the Health Survey for England general population samples was undertaken. Over 88 000 adults, age 16 or over, living in England were included. Smoking status (current, ex or never) was reported. SES was assessed through a count of seven possible indicators of disadvantage: National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification (NSSEC), neighbourhood index of multiple deprivation, lone parenting, car availability, housing tenure, income and unemployment.
Smoking rates were four times higher among the most disadvantaged [60.7% (95% CI: 58.2-63.3)] than the most affluent [15.3% (95% CI: 14.8-15.8)]. Smoking prevalence declined between 2001 and 2008 except among the multiply disadvantaged. This trend appeared to be due to an increase in never smoking rather than an increase in quitting. Disadvantage declined among non-smokers but not smokers.
In general never smoking and affluence increased in England over this period. The disadvantaged, however, did not experience the decline in smoking and smokers missed out from the increase in affluence. Smoking and disadvantage may increasingly coexist.
自 2000 年以来，英国实施了各种烟草控制措施。本研究旨在探讨在此期间（2001-08 年）英格兰社会经济地位（SES）较低和较高人群的吸烟状况变化。
对英格兰健康调查的一般人群样本进行二次分析。共纳入英格兰 88000 多名年龄在 16 岁及以上的成年人。报告吸烟状况（当前、曾经或从不吸烟）。SES 通过七种劣势指标的计数来评估：国家统计局社会经济分类（NSSEC）、多个贫困指标的邻里指数、单亲家庭、汽车可用性、住房所有权、收入和失业。
最弱势群体的吸烟率是最富裕群体的四倍（60.7%（95%CI：58.2-63.3））。2001 年至 2008 年期间，除了多重劣势群体外，吸烟率呈下降趋势。这一趋势似乎是由于从不吸烟的人数增加，而不是戒烟人数增加所致。从不吸烟者的劣势减少，但吸烟者没有。
总的来说，在这一时期，英格兰从不吸烟和富裕程度有所增加。然而，弱势群体并未经历吸烟率的下降，吸烟者也未能从富裕程度的提高中受益。吸烟和劣势可能会越来越共存。
