Arnold Andreas W, Hofbauer Günther F L
Dermatology Department, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, Basel, Switzerland.
Curr Probl Dermatol. 2012;43:49-56. doi: 10.1159/000335151. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
As squamous cell cancer (SCC) is the most common malignancy in organ transplant recipients, a viral etiology has been proposed. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is found more often in organ transplant recipients than in the general population, but its role in cancer development has been debated for years. As a model of susceptibility of HPV the inherited disease epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) has been investigated intensively. EV is an autosomal-recessive skin disease leading to multiple flat warts and pityriasis versicolor-like macules in early youth. EV patients are at great risk of developing skin cancer due to a lack of defense against beta HPV. Beta HPV are causally involved in the formation of skin cancer in patients afflicted with EV. Beta HPV has frequently been detected in SCC and its early lesions such as actinic keratoses. Depending on the methods used, a prevalence of 30-90% has been reported for beta HPV for SCC in organ transplant recipients, while this prevalence in the general population is lower, but still considerable at 50%. Epidemiologic studies in the general population seem to suggest that beta HPV plays a role in the formation of SCC, both for invasive and in situ lesions.
由于鳞状细胞癌（SCC）是器官移植受者中最常见的恶性肿瘤，因此有人提出了病毒病因。在器官移植受者中发现人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的频率高于普通人群，但其在癌症发展中的作用多年来一直存在争议。作为HPV易感性的模型，遗传性疾病疣状表皮发育不良（EV）已得到深入研究。EV是一种常染色体隐性皮肤病，在幼年时会导致多发性扁平疣和花斑癣样斑疹。由于缺乏对β-HPV的防御能力，EV患者患皮肤癌的风险很高。β-HPV与EV患者皮肤癌的形成有因果关系。β-HPV在SCC及其早期病变如光化性角化病中经常被检测到。根据所使用的方法，器官移植受者中SCC的β-HPV患病率报告为30%-90%，而普通人群中的患病率较低，但仍相当可观，为50%。普通人群中的流行病学研究似乎表明，β-HPV在SCC的形成中起作用，无论是侵袭性病变还是原位病变。
