犬猫常见非甾体抗炎药的毒理学

Toxicology of frequently encountered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in dogs and cats.

作者信息

Khan Safdar A, McLean Mary Kay

机构信息

ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center, 1717 South Philo Road, Suite 36, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.

出版信息

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2012 Mar;42(2):289-306, vi-vii. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.01.003.

DOI:10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.01.003

PMID:22381180

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of heterogeneous compounds extensively used in both human and veterinary medicine for their antipyretic, anti-inflammation, and analgesic properties. NSAIDs consist of a wide range of pharmacologically active agents with different chemical structures, with similar therapeutic and adverse effects. The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center received 22,206 NSAID incidents in dogs and cats (3% of total cases; dogs [15,823] and cats [1244]) during 2005 to 2010. This is roughly equivalent to 4% NSAID incidents reported in humans. The most common NSAID involved was ibuprofen, followed by aspirin, naproxen, deracoxib, meloxicam, diclofenac, piroxicam, indomethacin, nabumetone, and etodolac. This article provides a brief overview of classification, mechanism of action, pharmacologic and toxicologic properties, and treatment information involving frequently encountered human and veterinary NSAIDs in dogs and cats.

摘要

非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）是一类结构各异的化合物，因其解热、抗炎和镇痛特性而在人类医学和兽医学中广泛使用。NSAIDs由多种具有不同化学结构的药理活性剂组成，具有相似的治疗作用和不良反应。美国防止虐待动物协会动物中毒控制中心在2005年至2010年期间接到了22206起涉及犬猫的NSAIDs中毒事件（占总病例的3%；犬[15823例]，猫[1244例]）。这大致相当于人类报告的NSAIDs中毒事件的4%。涉及的最常见NSAID是布洛芬，其次是阿司匹林、萘普生、德拉考昔、美洛昔康、双氯芬酸、吡罗昔康、吲哚美辛、萘丁美酮和依托度酸。本文简要概述了犬猫中常见的人用和兽用NSAIDs的分类、作用机制、药理和毒理学特性以及治疗信息。