Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012 Mar;20(3):151-9. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-20-03-151.
Nuclear medicine imaging is often used in the diagnosis and management of several orthopaedic conditions. Bone scintigraphy measures gamma ray emission to detect the distribution of an injected radiolabeled tracer on multiple image projections. In general, this imaging modality has relatively high sensitivity but low specificity in the diagnosis of occult fractures, bone tumors, metabolic bone disease, and infection. Positron emission tomography measures tissue metabolism and perfusion by detecting short half-life positron ray emission of an injected radiopharmaceutical tracer. Historically, positron emission tomography has been used only to monitor bone metastasis and aid in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis; however, this technology has recently been applied to other orthopaedic conditions for which current imaging modalities are insufficient.
核医学成像常用于几种骨科疾病的诊断和治疗。骨闪烁显像术通过测量伽马射线的发射来检测注入放射性示踪剂在多个影像投影中的分布。一般来说，这种成像方式在诊断隐匿性骨折、骨肿瘤、代谢性骨病和感染方面具有相对较高的敏感性，但特异性较低。正电子发射断层扫描术通过检测注入放射性药物示踪剂的短半衰期正电子射线的发射来测量组织代谢和灌注。从历史上看，正电子发射断层扫描术仅用于监测骨转移并辅助诊断骨髓炎；然而，这项技术最近已应用于其他骨科疾病，这些疾病目前的成像方式还不够充分。
