Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Mar;42(3):184-95. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2012.3783. Epub 2012 Feb 29.
The goal of every orthopaedic surgeon should be to restore anatomy as close as possible to normal. Intense research on reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and an advancing knowledge of the anatomy and function of the 2 primary bundles of the ACL have led to techniques of ACL reconstruction that more closely restore normal anatomy. Restoring the ACL footprint is one of the most important goals of the surgery, and the choice between anatomic single-bundle and double-bundle ACL reconstruction is determined by the anatomical features of each patient. After reconstruction, the graft undergoes a complex, lengthy process of remodeling; therefore, inappropriate (early), aggressive rehabilitation can lead to graft failure and compromise the patient's outcome. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the anatomy and function of the ACL, the methods for anatomic single-bundle and double-bundle ACL reconstruction, and our recommendations for postoperative rehabilitation.
每位骨科医生的目标都应该是尽可能接近正常地恢复解剖结构。对前交叉韧带（ACL）重建的深入研究以及对 ACL 两个主要束解剖结构和功能的不断认识，促使 ACL 重建技术更接近正常解剖结构。恢复 ACL 止点是手术的最重要目标之一，解剖学单束和双束 ACL 重建的选择取决于每位患者的解剖结构特征。重建后，移植物经历一个复杂而漫长的重塑过程；因此，不当（过早）、激进的康复可能导致移植物失效，影响患者的预后。本文旨在概述 ACL 的解剖结构和功能、解剖学单束和双束 ACL 重建的方法，以及我们对术后康复的建议。
