Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Nanoscale. 2012 Apr 7;4(7):2187-201. doi: 10.1039/c2nr11836j. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
Simple solution phase, catalyst-free synthetic approaches that offer monodispersed, well passivated, and non-aggregated colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals have presented many research opportunities not only for fundamental science but also for technological applications. The ability to tune the electrical and optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals by manipulating the size and shape of the crystals during the colloidal synthesis provides potential benefits to a variety of applications including photovoltaic devices, light-emitting diodes, field effect transistors, biological imaging/labeling, and more. Recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of colloidal lead chalcogenide nanocrystals and the achievements in colloidal PbS or PbSe nanocrystals solar cells have demonstrated the promising application of infrared-emitting colloidal lead chalcogenide nanocrystals in photovoltaic devices. Here, we review recent progress in the synthesis and optical properties of colloidal lead chalcogenide nanocrystals. We focus in particular upon the size- and shape-controlled synthesis of PbS, PbSe, and PbTe nanocrystals by using different precursors and various stabilizing surfactants for the growth of the colloidal nanocrystals. We also summarize recent advancements in the field of colloidal nanocrystals solar cells based on colloidal PbS and PbSe nanocrystals.
简单的溶液相、无催化剂的合成方法，提供了单分散、良好钝化、非聚集的胶体半导体纳米晶体，不仅为基础科学，也为技术应用带来了许多研究机会。通过在胶体合成过程中操纵晶体的尺寸和形状来调整半导体纳米晶体的电学和光学性质的能力，为包括光伏器件、发光二极管、场效应晶体管、生物成像/标记等在内的各种应用提供了潜在的好处。胶体铅硫属化物纳米晶体的合成和表征的最新进展以及胶体 PbS 或 PbSe 纳米晶太阳能电池的成就，证明了红外发射胶体铅硫属化物纳米晶体在光伏器件中的应用前景。在这里，我们回顾了胶体铅硫属化物纳米晶体的合成和光学性质的最新进展。我们特别关注使用不同的前体和各种稳定表面活性剂，通过尺寸和形状控制合成 PbS、PbSe 和 PbTe 纳米晶体，以生长胶体纳米晶体。我们还总结了基于胶体 PbS 和 PbSe 纳米晶体的胶体纳米晶太阳能电池领域的最新进展。
