Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
ChemSusChem. 2012 Apr;5(4):790-8. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201100692. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
Different nanostructured supports, based on 1-decyl-2-methyimidazolium cations covalently attached to a polystyrene divinylbenzene porous matrix, were used as carriers to immobilise Candida antarctica lipase B. The suitability of these immobilised lipase derivatives for the synthesis of biodiesel (methyl oleate) by the methanolysis of triolein has been tested in both tert-butanol and supercritical (sc)CO(2) (18 MPa, 45 °C) as reaction media. The use of modified supports with low ionic-liquid loading covalently attached to the main polymeric backbone chains provide structured materials that led to the best biodiesel yields (up to 95 %) and operational stability (85 % biodiesel yield after 45 cycles of 8-4 h) in scCO(2) (45 °C, 18 MPa). The presence of tert-butanol as an inert cosolvent in the scCO(2) phase at the same concentration as triolein was key to avoid poisoning the biocatalyst through the blockage of its active sites by the polar byproduct (glycerol) produced in the biodiesel synthesis.
不同的纳米结构载体，基于共价连接到聚苯乙烯二乙烯基苯多孔基质上的 1-癸基-2-甲基咪唑阳离子，被用作固定化南极假丝酵母脂肪酶 B 的载体。这些固定化脂肪酶衍生物在叔丁醇和超临界（sc）CO2（18 MPa，45°C）中作为反应介质，通过三油酸甘油酯的甲醇解来合成生物柴油（油酸甲酯）的适用性进行了测试。使用低离子液体负载的改性载体共价连接到主聚合物主链上，提供了结构材料，从而在 scCO2（45°C，18 MPa）中获得了最佳的生物柴油产率（高达 95%）和操作稳定性（85%的生物柴油产率，经过 45 次 8-4 h 的循环）。在 scCO2 相中以与三油酸甘油酯相同的浓度存在叔丁醇作为惰性共溶剂，是避免通过生物柴油合成中产生的极性副产物（甘油）阻塞生物催化剂的活性位而使生物催化剂中毒的关键。
