Silber Beata Y, Croft Rodney J, Downey Luke A, Papafotiou Katherine, Camfield David A, Stough Con
Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.
Hum Psychopharmacol. 2012 Mar;27(2):139-44. doi: 10.1002/hup.1238.
Methamphetamine is considered to be one of the most popularly abused drugs by drivers; however, its exact effect on driving and driving behaviour has yet to be thoroughly investigated. This being despite methamphetamine's increased prevalence in injured and deceased drivers.
Twenty healthy recreational illicit stimulant users (10 male and 10 female), aged between 21 and 32 years (mean = 25.4 years, SD = 3.3 years) attended two testing sessions involving oral consumption of 0.42 mg/kg d-methamphetamine or a matching placebo. The drug administration was counter-balanced, double-blind, and medically supervised. At each session driving, performance was assessed 2.5 h post drug administration.
d-methamphetamine (0.42 mg/kg) did not significantly impair overall simulated driving performance 2.5 h post drug administration. At the individual driving variable level, participants in the d-methamphetamine condition were observed to be driving slower when an emergency situation occurred (T = 44, p < 0.05), but interestingly, participants in both conditions recorded average speeds in excess of the speed limit (100 km/h) when the emergency situations occurred. The d-methamphetamine condition did also produce four times more infringements where participants did not stop at red traffic light in comparison to the placebo, but this effect was only evident at a trend level (T = 7, p = 0.11).
The findings presented herein suggest that d-methamphetamine administered at the levels supplied did not impair driving performance in a manner consistent with epidemiological evidence. Further research is certainly required to elucidate the effects of various doses of methamphetamine, alone and in combination with other legal and illicit substances.
甲基苯丙胺被认为是司机最常滥用的毒品之一；然而，其对驾驶及驾驶行为的确切影响尚未得到充分研究。尽管甲基苯丙胺在受伤及死亡司机中的流行率有所上升，但情况依然如此。
20名年龄在21至32岁之间（平均 = 25.4岁，标准差 = 3.3岁）的健康娱乐性非法兴奋剂使用者（10名男性和10名女性）参加了两次测试，测试内容包括口服0.42毫克/千克的右旋甲基苯丙胺或匹配的安慰剂。药物给药采用平衡、双盲且有医学监督的方式。在每次测试中，给药后2.5小时评估驾驶表现。
给药后2.5小时，右旋甲基苯丙胺（0.42毫克/千克）并未显著损害整体模拟驾驶表现。在个体驾驶变量层面，观察到服用右旋甲基苯丙胺的参与者在紧急情况发生时驾驶速度较慢（T = 44，p < 0.05），但有趣的是，两种情况下的参与者在紧急情况发生时记录的平均速度均超过限速（100公里/小时）。与安慰剂相比，服用右旋甲基苯丙胺的参与者未在红灯处停车的违规行为也多出四倍，但这种影响仅在趋势水平上明显（T = 7，p = 0.11）。
本文呈现的研究结果表明，以提供的剂量服用右旋甲基苯丙胺不会以与流行病学证据一致的方式损害驾驶表现。当然需要进一步研究来阐明不同剂量的甲基苯丙胺单独以及与其他合法和非法物质联合使用的影响。
