Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2013 Jan;50:879-86. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.07.016. Epub 2012 Aug 4.
Cannabis and alcohol are the most popular drugs amongst recreational users, and most prevalent in injured and deceased drivers. Clarification of the interactive effects of these drugs upon driving behaviour is critical for reducing drug-related road deaths.
The current study had two objectives, to examine the effects of cannabis and alcohol on driving performance, and identify if any differences between the effects of cannabis and alcohol on driving performance exist between regular cannabis users and non-regular cannabis users.
The project involved 80 participants (49 male, 31 female) who were abstinent recreational users of alcohol and marijuana. They participated in six experimental sessions that involved the consumption of cannabis cigarettes containing no THC, 1.8% THC or 3% THC together with the consumption of alcohol to obtain either 0% BAC, 0.03% BAC or 0.05% BAC. The six sessions were double-blind, counter-balanced, placebo-controlled and medically supervised. Forty participants were allocated to the cannabis with low alcohol (0.03% BAC) group, and 40 participants were allocated to the cannabis with high alcohol (0.05% BAC) group. Driving simulator performance was assessed at 20min post-drug administration and blood samples were taken before and after driving.
Driving simulator performance was more impaired in the THC and alcohol combined conditions. Consistent with past research, the level of THC detected in blood is higher when THC is consumed with alcohol, than when cannabis is consumed alone, and regular cannabis users returned higher levels of THC in plasma than non-regular users. Generally, regular cannabis users displayed more driving errors than non-regular cannabis users.
大麻和酒精是娱乐性使用者中最受欢迎的毒品，在受伤和死亡的司机中最为普遍。澄清这些药物对驾驶行为的相互影响对于减少与药物有关的道路死亡至关重要。
本研究有两个目的，一是检查大麻和酒精对驾驶性能的影响，二是确定经常使用大麻和不经常使用大麻的人之间，大麻和酒精对驾驶性能的影响是否存在差异。
该项目涉及 80 名参与者（49 名男性，31 名女性），他们是酒精和大麻的禁欲娱乐性使用者。他们参加了六个实验，包括吸食不含四氢大麻酚的大麻香烟、1.8%四氢大麻酚或 3%四氢大麻酚，同时摄入酒精，以获得 0%BAC、0.03%BAC 或 0.05%BAC。这六个阶段是双盲、平衡、安慰剂对照和医学监督的。40 名参与者被分配到大麻与低酒精（0.03%BAC）组，40 名参与者被分配到大麻与高酒精（0.05%BAC）组。驾驶模拟器性能在药物给药后 20 分钟进行评估，并在驾驶前后采集血样。
在 THC 和酒精联合作用下，驾驶模拟器性能受损更严重。与过去的研究一致，当 THC 与酒精一起摄入时，血液中检测到的 THC 水平高于单独摄入大麻时的水平，而且经常使用大麻的人血液中的 THC 水平高于不经常使用大麻的人。一般来说，经常使用大麻的人比不经常使用大麻的人表现出更多的驾驶错误。
