Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia.
Forensic Sci Int. 2012 Jul 10;220(1-3):e33-6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.02.025. Epub 2012 Mar 28.
dl-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine are commonly used illicit drugs that are thought to impair driving ability. The Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFSTs) are utilized widely to detect impairment associated with drugs other than alcohol in drivers, although limited evidence concerning MDMA and methamphetamine consumption on SFST performance exists. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the SFSTs were a sensitive measure for identifying the presence of the specific isomer d-methamphetamine and MDMA. In a double-blind, within-subject, counter-balanced and placebo-controlled study, 58 healthy and abstinent recreational drugs users were administered three treatments: 100mg of MDMA, 0.42 mg/kg d-methamphetamine, and placebo. For each condition the SFSTs were administered at 4 and 25 h post treatment. d-methamphetamine was not found to significantly impair SFST performance unlike MDMA, which significantly impaired SFST performance in comparison to placebo with 22% of the sample failing the test at the 4h testing time-point. No differences were observed at the 25 h testing time-point for any of the conditions. It was concluded that the SFSTs are not efficient in identifying the presence of low level d-methamphetamine, and are significantly better at detecting the presence of MDMA at the levels assessed.
3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺（MDMA）和甲基苯丙胺是常用的非法药物，据认为它们会损害驾驶能力。标准化现场清醒测试（SFST）广泛用于检测除酒精以外的药物对驾驶员的损害，尽管关于 MDMA 和甲基苯丙胺对 SFST 性能的消耗的证据有限。本研究的目的是评估 SFST 是否是一种敏感的方法，用于识别特定异构体 d-甲基苯丙胺和 MDMA 的存在。在一项双盲、自身对照、平衡和安慰剂对照研究中，58 名健康和禁欲的娱乐性药物使用者接受了三种治疗：100mg MDMA、0.42mg/kg d-甲基苯丙胺和安慰剂。对于每种情况，SFST 在治疗后 4 小时和 25 小时进行。与 MDMA 不同，d-甲基苯丙胺并未显著损害 SFST 表现，与安慰剂相比，只有 22%的样本在 4 小时测试时间点未能通过测试。在 25 小时测试时间点，任何条件下均未观察到差异。结论是，SFST 不能有效地识别低水平 d-甲基苯丙胺的存在，并且在检测评估水平的 MDMA 存在方面明显更好。
