Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2012 Feb;102(2):222-9. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300338. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
US legislatures and program administrators have sought to control the sale of foods offered outside of federally funded meal programs in schools, but little is known about which policies, if any, will prevent obesity in children. We used a theoretical policy science typology to understand the types of policy instruments used by US state governments from 2001 to 2006. We coded 126 enacted bills and observed several types of instruments prescribed by state legislatures to influence the foods sold in schools and improve the school food environment. Our study helps to better understand the various instruments used by policymakers and sets the stage to examine the effectiveness of the policy instruments used to prevent obesity.
美国立法机构和项目管理人员试图控制在联邦政府资助的学校膳食计划之外销售食品，但对于哪些政策（如果有的话）可以防止儿童肥胖，人们知之甚少。我们使用理论政策科学分类法来了解 2001 年至 2006 年美国州政府使用的政策工具类型。我们对 126 项已颁布的法案进行了编码，并观察了州立法机构规定的几种影响学校销售食品和改善学校食品环境的工具类型。我们的研究有助于更好地了解政策制定者使用的各种工具，并为研究预防肥胖症的政策工具的有效性奠定了基础。
