Mahieu P, Lauwerys R, Dive A, Hantson P
Service de Soins Intensifs, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Bruxelles.
Acta Clin Belg Suppl. 1990;13:75-85. doi: 10.1080/17843286.1990.11718131.
To avoid accidental poisoning, pesticides must be handled according to prescribed rules. Furthermore, the exact composition of the pesticide formulation should be known. Cases of acute poisoning usually occur by ingestion and less frequently by the other routes. Symptoms may appear immediately but sometimes they can appear later and/or be more prolonged giving rise to delayed death and/or delayed morbidity. Acute poisoning by raticides and by organophosphate insecticides should deserve all our attention. Poisoning by herbicides containing chlorate salts, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers or bipyridilium derivatives may be particularly dangerous. The ingestion of Paraquat, in particular, which is a veritable lesional poison, could be beyond all therapeutic resources.
为避免意外中毒,必须按照规定的规则处理农药。此外,应了解农药制剂的确切成分。急性中毒病例通常因摄入发生,通过其他途径发生的情况较少。症状可能立即出现,但有时也可能稍后出现和/或持续时间更长,导致延迟死亡和/或延迟发病。杀鼠剂和有机磷杀虫剂引起的急性中毒应引起我们的充分关注。含有氯酸盐、氧化磷酸化解偶联剂或联吡啶衍生物的除草剂中毒可能特别危险。尤其是百草枯的摄入,它是一种名副其实的损伤性毒物,可能超出所有治疗手段。