Laboratoire d'Imagerie and Neurosciences Cognitives, Université de Strasbourg/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France.
Pediatr Res. 2012 Apr;71(4 Pt 1):386-92. doi: 10.1038/pr.2011.76. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
Very early preterm infants (VPIs) are exposed to unpredictable noise in neonatal intensive care units. Their ability to perceive moderate acoustic environmental changes has not been fully investigated.
Physiological values of the 598 isolated sound peaks (SPs) that were 5-10 and 10-15 dB slow-response A (dBA) above background noise levels and that occurred during infants' sleep varied significantly, indicating that VPIs detect them. Exposure to 10-15 dBA SPs during active sleep significantly increased mean heart rate and decreased mean respiratory rate and mean systemic and cerebral oxygen saturations relative to baseline.
VPIs are sensitive to changes in their nosocomial acoustic environment, with a minimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold of 5-10 dBA. These acoustic changes can alter their well-being.
In this observational study, we evaluated their differential auditory sensitivity to sound-pressure level (SPL) increments below 70-75 dBA equivalent continuous level in their incubators. Environmental (SPL and audio recording), physiological, cerebral, and behavioral data were prospectively collected over 10 h in 26 VPIs (GA 28 (26-31) wk). SPs emerging from background noise levels were identified and newborns' arousal states at the time of SPs were determined. Changes in parameters were compared over 5-s periods between baseline and the 40 s following the SPs depending on their SNR thresholds above background noise.
极早产儿（VPIs）在新生儿重症监护病房中会接触到不可预测的噪音。他们感知中度声环境变化的能力尚未得到充分研究。
在婴儿睡眠期间，与背景噪声水平相比，5-10 和 10-15 dB 慢响应 A（dBA）的 598 个孤立声峰（SP）的生理值差异显著，表明 VPIs 能够感知到这些声峰。与基线相比，在活跃睡眠期间暴露于 10-15 dBA SP 会显著增加平均心率，降低平均呼吸率和平均全身及大脑氧饱和度。
VPIs 对其医院环境中的声环境变化敏感，最小信噪比（SNR）阈值为 5-10 dBA。这些声学变化会改变他们的舒适度。
在这项观察性研究中，我们评估了 26 名 VPIs（胎龄 28（26-31）周）在其孵化器中对低于 70-75 dBA 等效连续水平的声压级（SPL）增量的差异听觉敏感性。环境（SPL 和音频记录）、生理、大脑和行为数据在 10 小时内进行了前瞻性收集。从背景噪声水平中识别出 SP，并确定新生儿在出现 SP 时的觉醒状态。根据其相对于背景噪声的 SNR 阈值，将参数变化与基线相比，在 5 秒和 SP 后 40 秒之间的 5 秒时间段内进行比较。
