Fetter M, Zee D S, Koenig E, Dichgans J
Department of Neurology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, F R Germany.
Acta Otolaryngol. 1990 Sep-Oct;110(3-4):175-81. doi: 10.3109/00016489009122534.
Nystagmus evoked after rapid horizontal head-shaking is believed to be a sensitive indication of the existence and location of a unilateral vestibular lesion. Its origin is the directional asymmetry in vestibular responses of the healthy labyrinth (Ewald's second law). For nystagmus to appear after the head has stopped moving, however, the directionally asymmetric responses must have been stored during the head-shaking to be discharged afterwards. Our results confirm the notion that head-shaking nystagmus is most likely generated by a directional preponderance in vestibular responses but only in combination with a functioning central velocity-storage mechanism. If velocity-storage is lost completely, as may occur during the acute phase of a unilateral peripheral vestibular lesion, even a large vestibular preponderance does not lead to head-shaking nystagmus. Thus, to interpret the results of the head-shaking test the condition of the velocity-storage mechanism must be taken into account.
快速水平摇头后诱发的眼球震颤被认为是单侧前庭病变存在及位置的敏感指标。其起源是健康迷路前庭反应的方向不对称（埃瓦尔德第二定律）。然而，要使眼球震颤在头部停止运动后出现，方向不对称反应必须在摇头过程中被存储起来，以便之后释放。我们的结果证实了这样一种观点，即摇头性眼球震颤最有可能是由前庭反应的方向优势引起的，但前提是要与正常运作的中枢速度存储机制相结合。如果速度存储完全丧失，比如在单侧外周前庭病变的急性期可能发生的情况，即使前庭优势很大也不会导致摇头性眼球震颤。因此，为了解释摇头试验的结果，必须考虑速度存储机制的状况。
