Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral, 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
Environ Manage. 2012 Apr;49(4):876-91. doi: 10.1007/s00267-012-9825-6. Epub 2012 Mar 6.
In many regions of the world, fires are primarily of anthropogenic origin. In northwestern Patagonia, the number of fires is not correlated with meteorological variables, but is concentrated in urban areas. This study was conducted in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) area of San Carlos de Bariloche (Patagonia, Argentina), within the Nahuel Huapi National Park. WUI fires are particularly problematic because, besides people and goods, they represent a danger to protected areas. We studied the relationship between fire records and socioeconomic indicators within the WUI of San Carlos de Bariloche. We conducted a Multiple Correspondence Factorial Analysis and an Ascendant Hierarchical Classification of the city neighborhoods. The results show that the neighborhoods in Bariloche can be divided into three classes: High Socioeconomic Fire Risk neighborhoods, including neighborhoods with the highest fire rates, where people have low instruction level, high levels of unsatisfied basic needs and high unemployment levels; Low Socioeconomic Fire Risk neighborhoods, that groups neighborhoods which present the opposite characterization, and Moderate Socioeconomic Fire Risk neighborhoods, which are more heterogeneous. Once neighborhoods were classified, a Socioeconomic Fire Risk map was generated, supplementing the existing WUI Fire Danger map. Our results emphasize the relevance of socioeconomic variables to fire policies.
在世界上的许多地区，火灾主要是人为引起的。在巴塔哥尼亚的西北部分地区，火灾的数量与气象变量无关，而是集中在城市地区。本研究在巴利罗切的荒野-城市界面（WUI）地区进行，位于内瓦乌尔瓦普国家公园内。WUI 火灾特别成问题，因为除了人和货物外，它们还对保护区构成威胁。我们研究了巴利罗切 WUI 内的火灾记录与社会经济指标之间的关系。我们进行了多元对应因子分析和城市街区的升序层次分类。结果表明，巴利罗切的街区可以分为三类：高社会经济火灾风险街区，包括火灾发生率最高的街区，这些街区的居民教育水平低，基本需求未得到满足的程度高，失业率高；低社会经济火灾风险街区，包括具有相反特征的街区，以及中等社会经济火灾风险街区，这些街区的特征更为多样化。对街区进行分类后，生成了一张社会经济火灾风险图，补充了现有的 WUI 火灾危险图。我们的研究结果强调了社会经济变量对火灾政策的重要性。
