Ljaljević Agima, Matijević Snezana, Terzić Natasa, Andjelić Jasmina, Mugosa Boban
Institut za javno zdravlje, Podgorica, Crna Gora; tDom zdravlja Tivat, Tivat, Crna Gora.
Vojnosanit Pregl. 2012 Jan;69(1):16-21. doi: 10.2298/vsp1201016l.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Proper mouth and teeth hygiene has influence on the prevention of a great number of diseases and very often some of them are not related only to oral cavity. Most frequent diseases of mouth and teeth such as caries and periodontal diseases are caused, among other factors, by poor oral hygiene. They are also more frequent in young population. The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and hygienic habit on oral health in children aged 11-15 years.
This cross-sectional study was conducted by the dental teams in dentist surgeries in Tivat Health Center between May and September 2009. The sample consisted of patients 11 to 15 years of age. A questionnaire and dental examination of mouth and teeth were used as research instruments. The examinations were conducted in accordance with the World Health Organization methodology and criteria. The data obtained from the interviews were correlated with those obtained from the clinical examinations.
The results show that the majority of respondents brush their teeth twice a day and visit the dentist once in every six months. The research also shows that 57% respondents have caries of deciduous teeth and over 63% respondents of permanent teeth. Gingivitis was found in 14% and orthodontic anomalies in 44.7% respondents. A half of respondents who brush their teeth rarely have problems with gingivitis. There is a highly statistically significant difference between the occurrence of gingivitis and the frequency of teeth brushing.
There is a significant difference between mouth and oral hygiene and sex as well as other sociodemographic characteristics of respondents. The study showed the correlation between occurrence of caries and the gingivitis and frequency of teeth brushing and dental visits.
背景/目的：保持口腔和牙齿的清洁卫生对预防多种疾病具有重要意义，其中许多疾病往往不仅与口腔有关。龋齿和牙周疾病等最常见的口腔疾病，除其他因素外，主要是由口腔卫生不良引起的。这些疾病在年轻人中也更为常见。本研究旨在评估社会人口学特征和卫生习惯对11至15岁儿童口腔健康的影响。
本横断面研究由蒂瓦特健康中心牙科团队于2009年5月至9月在牙科诊所进行。样本包括11至15岁的患者。采用问卷调查和口腔牙齿检查作为研究工具。检查按照世界卫生组织的方法和标准进行。从访谈中获得的数据与临床检查获得的数据相关联。
结果显示，大多数受访者每天刷牙两次，每六个月看一次牙医。研究还表明，57%的受访者有乳牙龋齿，超过63%的受访者有恒牙龋齿。14%的受访者患有牙龈炎，44.7%的受访者有正畸异常。很少刷牙的受访者中有一半患有牙龈炎。牙龈炎的发生率与刷牙频率之间存在高度统计学差异。
受访者的口腔卫生状况与性别以及其他社会人口学特征之间存在显著差异。该研究表明龋齿和牙龈炎的发生率与刷牙频率和看牙医次数之间存在相关性。
