Professor Aroldo Fernando Camargos Laboratory of Human Reproduction, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Int Braz J Urol. 2012 Jan-Feb;38(1):108-15. doi: 10.1590/s1677-55382012000100015.
To compare sperm recovery from slow versus rapid thawing technique using thirty-eight normozoospermic human sperm samples, as follows. Twentyone samples from men taking part in routine infertility screening exams (infertile group) and seventeen from proven fertile volunteer men with at least one child (fertile group).
After analysis of motility, concentration, strict morphology and functional integrity of membranes, sperm was divided into two aliquots of 0.5 mL each and frozen in TyB-G medium. Samples were thawed at room temperature (25 ± 2° C) for 25 minutes (slow thaw) or in a water bath at 75° C for 20 seconds followed by water bath at 37° C for 3 minutes (rapid thaw). After thawing, motility, strict morphology and functional integrity of membranes were evaluated by a blinded investigator. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation for parametric variables and analyzed using Student's t-test. Data with unpaired non-parametric variables were expressed as median (interquartile range) and analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. Wilcoxon test was used to analyze non-parametric paired variables.
There was no significant difference between techniques for total and progressive motility, percentage of normal morphological forms, hypoosmotic swelling test.
Although the rapid thawing protocol was completed in a shorter time (three minutes and 20 seconds versus 25 minutes, respectively), it wasn't harmful since both techniques showed comparable spermatozoa recovery. Additional research is needed to confirm its safety in clinical research before introducing this methodology in routine assisted reproduction.
比较慢速与快速解冻技术对 38 例正常精子样本的精子回收率，具体如下。21 例样本来自参加常规不孕筛查检查的男性（不孕组），17 例来自至少有一个孩子的经证实的健康志愿者男性（健康组）。
在分析了运动性、浓度、严格形态和膜功能完整性之后，将精子分为每份 0.5ml 的两份，并在 TyB-G 培养基中冷冻。样本在室温（25±2°C）下解冻 25 分钟（慢速解冻）或在 75°C水浴中解冻 20 秒，然后在 37°C水浴中解冻 3 分钟（快速解冻）。解冻后，由一位盲法研究员评估精子的运动性、严格形态和膜功能完整性。结果表示为参数变量的平均值±标准差，并使用学生 t 检验进行分析。非配对非参数变量的数据表示为中位数（四分位间距），并使用 Mann-Whitney 检验进行分析。使用 Wilcoxon 检验分析非参数配对变量。
两种技术之间在总活力和前向运动活力、正常形态学形式的百分比、低渗肿胀试验方面均无显著差异。
虽然快速解冻方案的完成时间更短（分别为 3 分 20 秒和 25 分钟），但由于两种技术显示出相似的精子回收率，因此它并不有害。在常规辅助生殖中引入该方法之前，还需要进一步研究以确认其在临床研究中的安全性。
